考虑接地效应的轮胎柔性圆环建模及其径向振动特性研究  

Investigation of Tire Radial Vibration Property Using an Improved Tire Flexible Ring Model with Contact Effects

作　　者：余旭东 赵剑 郭烈 李刚 黄海波[5] YU Xudong;ZHAO Jian;GUO Lie;LI Gang;HUANG Haibo(Ningbo Institute of Dalian University of Technology,Ningbo 315016;State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis,Optimization and CAE Software for Industrial Equipment,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024;School of Mechanical Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024;School of Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024;Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学宁波研究院,宁波315016 [2]大连理工大学工业装备结构分析优化与CAE软件全国重点实验室,大连116024 [3]大连理工大学机械工程学院,大连116024 [4]大连理工大学力学与航空航天学院,大连116024 [5]宁波大学机械工程与力学学院,宁波315211

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2024年第23期152-163,共12页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：宁波市自然科学基金(2022J009);科技创新2025重大专项(宁波市重大科技任务攻关)(2022Z017)资助项目。

摘　　要：为了进一步研究轿车用子午线轮胎在自由和接地状态下的径向振动特性,从动力学建模、实验模态分析、参数辨识等研究手段出发,基于经典二维柔性圆环模型,提出了一种考虑垂向载荷和接地长度变化的改进轮胎柔性圆环模型,利用模态叠加法计算得到了胎面径向振动模态。该改进模型主要包括三个子模型:自由轮胎振动模型、静载状态下的轮胎接触模型和接地轮胎振动模型。首先,借助自由状态下的轮胎模态实验和理论模型,采用遗传算法对模型结构参数进行识别;其次,基于轮胎结构参数,利用静载状态下的轮胎接触模型,建立轮胎垂向力-垂向变形关系;最后,通过接地轮胎振动模型计算得到不同垂向载荷下的轮胎固有频率,并开发轮胎有限元模型进行验证。结果表明,提出的改进轮胎柔性圆环模型能够反映出1000~5000 N垂向载荷下接地轮胎频率分裂现象,并且可以有效预测接地振动行为。研究丰富了经典轮胎柔性圆环模型的应用场景,为接地条件下的轮胎振动和噪声分析提供了可供借鉴的思路和方法。This study investigates radial vibration of a radial tire for passenger vehicles.An improved tire flexible ring model considering vertical load and contact length is proposed and established via the theoretical-modelling,experimental modal analysis and parameter identification.The natural frequencies of grounded tire are derived by mode superposition method.The proposed model includes three sub-models:a flexible ring model for tire vibration under free condition,a tire contact model without rolling,and a flexible ring model for tire vibration under grounded.Genetic algorithm is used to identify the structural parameters of tire theoretical model based on the modal experiment and ring model under free condition.Using the structural parameters obtained from parameter identification,the relationship between vertical load and vertical deformation is then obtained.The natural frequencies of the tire under different vertical load are calculated using the grounded tire vibration model and verified by comparison with numerical finite element results.Results indicate that the proposed tire improved ring model can effectively predict the frequency split phenomenon of grounded tires under different loads between 1000 to 5000 N,which providing a valuable idea for analysing tire vibration and noise under grounded condition.

关 键 词：柔性圆环模型 轮胎接地振动 模态分析 轮胎垂向刚度 频率分裂现象 

分 类 号：U461[机械工程—车辆工程] TB123[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]