中学生非自杀性自伤风险的潜在剖面分析  

Latent profile analysis of non-suicidal self-injury risk among middle school students

作　　者：段文静 谢煜相 羊姝 崔依婷 彭爱 黄鹏[1] DUAN Wenjing;XIE Yuxiang;YANG Shu;CUI Yiting;PENG Ai;HUANG Peng(Center for Evidence-based Medicine,School of Public Health,Nanchang University,Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Disease Prevention and Public Health,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330006,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌大学公共卫生学院循证医学中心,疾病预防与公共卫生江西省重点实验室,江西南昌330006

出　　处：《预防医学》2025年第2期118-122,共5页China Preventive Medicine Journal

基　　金：江西省研究生创新专项基金项目(YC2023-s177)。

摘　　要：目的了解中学生非自杀性自伤(NSSI)的风险分类,为制定中学生NSSI预防和干预策略提供参考。方法采用分层整群抽样方法抽取江西省3所中学的3740名学生为调查对象,通过问卷调查收集中学生基本信息,采用自尊量表、青少年心理韧性量表、认知情绪调节量表和青少年生活事件量表分别评估中学生的自尊水平、心理韧性、责难情况和负性生活事件影响,采用渥太华自伤量表调查中学生近1年NSSI行为。建立潜在剖面分析(LPA)模型对NSSI风险进行分类,采用一致性检验、灵敏度和特异度评价分类稳定性和准确性。结果回收有效问卷3372份,问卷有效率为90.16%。调查男生1908人,占56.58%;女生1464人,占43.42%。初中生1730人,占51.30%;高中生1642人,占48.70%。近1年有NSSI行为1160人,占34.40%。NSSI风险经LPA分为低(63.20%)、高风险(36.80%),或低(46.17%)、中(42.41%)、高风险(11.42%)2种分类方式;Kappa值分别为0.952和0.989(均P<0.05),灵敏度分别为59.66%和76.72%,特异度分别为75.18%和58.18%。结论经LPA模型分析发现中学生NSSI有低、高风险或低、中、高风险2种分类方式,可尝试用于中学生NSSI高危人群筛查。Objective To classify non-suicidal self-injury(NSSI)risk among middle school students,so as to provide the reference for formulating prevention and intervention strategies for NSSI among this population.Methods Totally 3740 students from three middle schools in Jiangxi Province were selected using the stratified cluster sampling meth⁃od.Basic information of the students was collected through questionnaire surveys.Self-esteem,resilience,blame attribu⁃tion and the impact of negative life events were assessed using the Self-Esteem Scale,Resilience Scale for Chinese ado⁃lescents,Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire-Chinese and Adolescent Self-rating Life Events Checklist,respec⁃tively.The prevalence of NSSI in the past year was investigated using the Ottawa Self-Injury Inventory.The NSSI risk was classified using a latent profile analysis(LPA)model,and the stability and accuracy of the classification were evalu⁃ated using consistency tests,sensitivity and specificity.Results Totally 3372 valid questionnaires were recovered,with an effective recovery rate of 90.16%.There were 1908 males(56.58%)and 1464 females(43.42%).There were 1730 junior high school students(51.30%)and 1642 senior high school students(48.70%).A total of 1160 students(34.40%)reported NSSI behaviors in the past one year.The risk of NSSI could be classified into two categories:low(63.20%)and high risk(36.80%);or three categories:low(46.17%),medium(42.41%)and high risk(11.42%)by LPA.The Kappa values were 0.952 and 0.989(both P<0.05),the sensitivities were 59.66%and 76.72%,and the specificities were 75.18%and 58.18%,respectively.Conclusion Based on LPA,there are two ways of classification for NSSI risk among middle school students:low and high risk,or low,medium and high risk,which could be used for screening high-risk populations for NSSI among middle school students.

关 键 词：中学生 非自杀性自伤 潜在剖面分析 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]