2022年杭州市新报告HIV/AIDS病例感染特征分析  

Infection characteristics of newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in Hangzhou City in 2022

作　　者：王苓 许珂[1] 张兴亮[1] 黄思超 李西婷[1] 陈珺芳[1] WANG Ling;XU Ke;ZHANG Xingliang;HUANG Sichao;LI Xiting;CHEN Junfang(Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Hangzhou Health Supervision Institute),Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310021,China)

机构地区：[1]杭州市疾病预防控制中心(杭州市卫生监督所),浙江杭州310021

出　　处：《预防医学》2025年第2期123-129,共7页China Preventive Medicine Journal

基　　金：杭州市医药卫生科技项目(A20240499)。

摘　　要：目的了解杭州市新报告艾滋病病毒感染者和艾滋病患者(HIV/AIDS)感染特征,为有效实施艾滋病干预措施提供参考。方法选择2022年杭州市新报告HIV/AIDS病例为研究对象,采用问卷调查收集人口学信息、HIV抗体检测情况、感染途径和性行为资料。采集病例抗病毒治疗前血液标本,检测HIV-1 pol区基因序列,构建分子传播网络,分析感染途径、时间和地点等特征。采用多因素logistic回归模型分析病例感染时间和地点的影响因素。结果2022年杭州市新报告HIV/AIDS病例1007例,完成问卷调查907例,占90.07%;其中男性833例,占91.84%;省外户籍532例,占58.65%。建立91个分子传播网络,包括276例病例,主要经同性性接触感染,199例占72.10%。可判断感染时间的880例病例中,新近感染311例,占35.34%;既往感染569例,占64.66%。可判断感染地点的756例病例中,本地感染531例,占70.24%;外地感染225例,占29.76%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,通过自愿咨询检测发现(OR=1.826,95%CI:1.055~3.175)和同性社交软件寻找性伴(OR=2.461,95%CI:1.193~5.234)的HIV/AIDS病例新近感染可能性较高;在杭州市居住时间>1年(>1~5年,OR=2.853,95%CI:1.552~5.358;>5年,OR=3.534,95%CI:1.382~9.804),通过娱乐场所(OR=3.449,95%CI:1.390~8.935)、网络/社交软件(OR=2.416,95%CI:1.084~5.488)和同性社交软件(OR=3.734,95%CI:1.677~8.493)寻找性伴的HIV/AIDS病例本地感染可能性较高;学生病例外地感染可能性较高(OR=0.115,95%CI:0.019~0.525)。结论2022年杭州市新报告HIV/AIDS病例以经同性性接触感染,既往感染和本地感染为主。通过同性社交软件寻找性伴是新近、本地感染的重要影响因素,需加强相关病例的溯源调查。Objective To analyze the infection characteristics of newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in Hangzhou City,so as to provide the reference for effective AIDS intervention.Methods Newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in Hangzhou City in 2022 were recruited.Demographic information,HIV testing status,infection routes and sexual behaviors were col⁃lected using questionnaire surveys.Blood samples were collected before antiviral treatment,and HIV-1 pol gene sequenc⁃es were detected to construct molecular transmission networks.The characteristics of HIV/AIDS cases,including infec⁃tion routes,time,and location were analyzed.Factors affecting infection time and location among HIV/AIDS cases were analyzed using a multivariable logistic regression model.Results A total of 1007 HIV/AIDS cases were reported in Hangzhou City in 2022,with 907 cases(90.07%)completing questionnaire surveys.Among them,833 were males(91.84%),and 532 had out-of-province household registrations(58.65%).Ninety-one molecular transmission networks were established,and 276 cases were involved,with homosexual contact as the main infection route(199 cases,72.10%).There were 311 recently infected cases(35.34%)and 569 previously infected cases(64.66%)among 880 cases whose infection time could be determined.There were 531 locally infected.cases(70.24%)and 225 imported cases(29.76%)among 756 cases whose infection location could be determined.Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the HIV/AIDS cases who were identified through voluntary counseling and testing(OR=1.826,95%CI:1.055-3.175)and sought sexual partners through homosexual dating apps(OR=2.461,95%CI:1.193-5.234)were more likely to be recently infected;the cases who lived in Hangzhou City for more than one year(>1 to 5 years,OR=2.853,95%CI:1.552-5.358;>5 years,OR=3.534,95%CI:1.382-9.804),sought sexual partners through entertainment venues(OR=3.449,95%CI:1.390-8.935),online/social apps(OR=2.416,95%CI:1.084-5.488)and homosexual dating apps(OR=3.734,95%CI:1.677-8.493)were more likely to be locally i

关 键 词：艾滋病病毒 感染时间 本地感染 分子传播网络 影响因素 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]