糖尿病共病患者自我管理行为与时间洞察力的关联研究  

Relationship between self-management behaviors and time perspective among patients with comorbid diabetes

作　　者：俞丹丹 张雅萍 许慧琳[1] 何丹丹[1] 梁彤彤 杨加丽 李俊[1] YU Dandan;ZHANG Yaping;XU Huilin;HE Dandan;LIANG Tongtong;YANG Jiali;LI Jun(Minhang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai 201101,China;Minhang District Meilong Community Health Service Center,Shanghai 201199,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市闵行区疾病预防控制中心,上海201101 [2]上海市闵行区梅陇社区卫生服务中心,上海201199

出　　处：《预防医学》2025年第2期130-134,共5页China Preventive Medicine Journal

基　　金：上海市闵行区自然科学研究课题(2023MHZ034)。

摘　　要：目的探讨糖尿病共病患者自我管理行为与时间洞察力的关系,为提高糖尿病共病患者自我管理行为能力提供依据。方法选择2021年在上海市闵行区慢性病健康管理系统登记、规范随访、居住地为梅陇镇的糖尿病共病患者为研究对象,通过问卷调查收集人口学信息和糖尿病家族史等资料;采用津巴多时间洞察力量表评估时间洞察力,采用糖尿病自我管理行为量表评估自我管理行为。采用多因素有序logistic回归模型分析自我管理行为与时间洞察力的关联。结果调查糖尿病共病患者907例,其中男性472例,占52.04%;女性435例,占47.96%。年龄≥65岁652例,占71.89%。时间洞察力为未来取向型280例,占30.87%;平衡型236例,占26.02%;冲动寻求型162例,占17.86%;宿命型123例,占13.56%;消极型106例,占11.69%。自我管理行为良好46例,占5.07%;中等643例,占70.89%;差218例,占24.04%。多因素有序logistic回归分析结果显示,调整年龄、性别、文化程度、婚姻状况、职业状况、个人月收入和糖尿病家族史后,时间洞察力为未来取向型的糖尿病共病患者自我管理行为较好(OR=1.874,95%CI:1.204~2.915)。结论糖尿病共病患者自我管理行为能力中等偏差,时间洞察力为未来取向型的患者可较好地进行自我管理。Objective To examine the relationship between self-management behaviors and time perspective among pa⁃tients with comorbid diabetes,so as to provide the evidence for improving self-management behaviors among patients with comorbid diabetes.Methods The patients with comorbid diabetes who were registered in the chronic disease health management system of Minhang District,Shanghai Municipality in 2021,followed up regularly,and lived in Meilong Town were recruited.Demographic information and family history of diabetes were collected through question⁃naire surveys.Time perspective and self-management behaviors were assessed using the Zimbardo Time Perspective In⁃ventory and Diabetes Self-Management Behavior Scale,respectively.The relationship between self-management behav⁃iors and time perspective was analyzed using a multivariable ordinal logistic regression model.Results A total of 907 patients with comorbid diabetes were enrolled,including 472 males(52.04%)and 435 females(47.96%).There were 652 cases aged 65 years and above,accounting for 71.89%.In terms of the types of time perspective,280 pa⁃tients were future-oriented(30.87%),236 were balanced(26.02%),162 were sensation-seeking(17.86%),123 were fa⁃talistic(13.56%),and 106 were negative(11.69%).In terms of the self-management behaviors,46 patients were good(5.07%),643 were moderate(70.89%),and 218 were poor(24.04%).Multivariable ordinal logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for age,gender,educational level,marital status,occupation status,monthly income,and family history of diabetes,the patients with comorbid diabetes who had a future-oriented time perspective had better self-management behaviors(OR=1.874,95%CI:1.204-2.915).Conclusion The self-management behaviors among pa⁃tients with comorbid diabetes are moderate to poor,and patients with a future-oriented time perspective can better en⁃gage in self-management behaviors.

关 键 词：糖尿病 共病 自我管理行为 时间洞察力 

分 类 号：R587.1[医药卫生—内分泌]