西安市在校大学生健康素养水平分析  

Health literacy level among university students in Xi'an City

作　　者：吴亚琼 房新柱 WU Yaqiong;FANG Xinzhu(Xi'an Institute for Health Education,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710018,China)

机构地区：[1]西安市健康教育所,陕西西安710018

出　　处：《预防医学》2025年第2期197-200,共4页China Preventive Medicine Journal

摘　　要：目的了解西安市在校大学生健康素养水平及影响因素,为提高大学生健康素养水平提供依据。方法于2023年9—12月,采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样方法抽取西安市5所综合性高校的在校大学生为调查对象,通过问卷收集基本情况和健康素养等资料,分析在校大学生的健康素养水平。采用多因素logistic回归模型分析在校大学生健康素养水平的影响因素。结果调查1815人,男生803人,占44.24%;女生1012人,占55.76%。年龄为(20.07±1.70)岁。在校大学生总体健康素养水平为40.17%;基本知识和理念、健康生活方式与行为和基本技能3个方面素养水平分别为61.98%、41.32%和27.82%;安全与急救、科学健康观、健康信息、慢性病防治、传染病防治和基本医疗6类健康问题素养水平分别为73.44%、70.14%、53.50%、50.36%、39.34%和33.72%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,女生(OR=1.339,95%CI:1.034~1.733)、医学专业(OR=1.668,95%CI:1.306~2.129)、体质指数正常(OR=1.326,95%CI:1.056~1.688)和无吸烟史(OR=2.072,95%CI:1.122~2.192)的在校大学生健康素养水平较高。结论西安市在校大学生基本技能方面素养、传染病防治和基本医疗类健康问题素养水平较低;性别、专业、体质指数和吸烟史是在校大学生健康素养水平的影响因素。Objective To investigate the level of health literacy and its influencing factors among university students in Xi'an City,so as to provide the basis for improving the health literacy level among university students.Methods Stu⁃dents from five comprehensive universities in Xi'an City were selected using a multi-stage stratified random cluster sam⁃pling method from September to December 2023.Data of basic information and health literacy were collected using questionnaire surveys.The health literacy level of university students was analyzed and factors affecting health literacy level among university students were analyzed using a multivariable logistic regression model.Results A total of 1815 students were surveyed,including 803 males(44.24%)and 1012 females(55.76%),and had a mean age of(20.07±1.70)years.The overall health literacy level was 40.17%.The health literacy levels of basic knowledge and concept,healthy lifestyle and behaviors,and basic skills were 61.98%,41.32%and 27.82%,respectively.The health literacy lev⁃els of safety and first aid,scientific health outlook,health information,chronic disease prevention and control,infectious disease prevention and control,and basic medical care were 73.44%,70.14%,53.50%,50.36%,39.34%and 33.72%,respectively.Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the university students who were female(OR=1.339,95%CI:1.034-1.733),majored in medicine(OR=1.668,95%CI:1.306-2.129),had a normal body mass index(OR=1.326,95%CI:1.056-1.688)and had no smoking history(OR=2.072,95%CI:1.122-2.192)had higher health literacy levels.Conclusions The health literacy levels among university students in Xi'an City are relatively low in terms of ba⁃sic skills,infectious disease prevention and control,and basic medical care.Gender,major,body mass index and smoking history are influencing factors for health literacy level among university students.

关 键 词：大学生 健康素养 影响因素 

分 类 号：R193.3[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]