不同土壤调理剂对谷子根系性状的影响研究  

Effects of Different Soil Amendments on Root Traits of Foxtail Millet

作　　者：崔纪菡 王沛祎 赵宇[1] 夏雪岩[1] 李静静 王宁 刘峰 刘建军 焦海涛 CUI Jihan;WANG Peiyi;ZHAO Yu;XIA Xueyan;LI Jingjing;WANG Ning;LIU Feng;LIU Jianjun;JIAO Haitao(Minor Cereal Crops Research Laboratory of Hebei Province/National Foxtail Millet Improvement Center/Institute of Millet Crops of Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050035;Hebei Agricultural Mechanization Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Shijiazhuang 050035;Hebei Academy of Miscellaneous Grain Industry Technology/Hebei Dongliang Agricultural Technology Co.,Ltd.,Handan Hebei 056000)

机构地区：[1]河北省农林科学院谷子研究所/国家谷子改良中心/河北省杂粮研究实验室,石家庄050035 [2]河北省农业机械化研究所有限公司,石家庄050035 [3]河北省杂粮产业技术研究院/河北东粮农业科技股份有限公司,河北邯郸056000

出　　处：《农学学报》2025年第1期29-35,共7页Journal of Agriculture

基　　金：河北省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目“谷子创新团队”(HBCT2024080203),“杂粮杂豆创新团队”(HBCT2024070202);河北省农林科学院基本科研业务费包干制项目“氮肥调控谷子籽粒类胡萝卜素积累的代谢组学研究”(HBNKY-BGZ-02);国家谷子高粱产业技术体系“传统旱作技术挖掘与创新岗位项目”(CARS-06-14.5-A23)。

摘　　要：本研究旨在解决谷子连作障碍问题,通过在连续种植2 a的谷子土壤中使用4种不同的土壤调理剂来改善谷子的根系性状。试验材料为连作2 a的土壤,并设置了不施肥的对照组以及4种土壤调理剂处理组,包括自研调理剂(含海藻精、聚谷氨酸和EDTA螯合微量元素)、蚯蚓源多糖调理剂、微生物菌剂和壳寡糖调理剂,每种土壤调理剂处理分别设置2个施肥梯度:农业常用剂量和同等剂量,共计9个处理,试验测定了不同处理对7叶期、孕穗期株高、干鲜重、根系性状等相关指标的变化。结果表明:与对照相比,在连作土壤中施加各类土壤调理剂均改善了谷子生长。其中,壳寡糖和蚯蚓源多糖调理剂在谷子根系生长中效果最优。壳寡糖调理剂处理后的根总长度、根平均直径、根尖总数目分别提高了87.4%~120%、21.7%、93.8%~144%。蚯蚓源多糖调理剂处理过的孕穗期根总长度、根平均直径、根尖总数目分别提高了128%~161.3%、4.3%~8.6%、151.4%~183%。综上,壳寡糖和蚯蚓源多糖调理剂能够促进谷子根系生长,减轻谷子连作障碍。本研究为缓解连作障碍生产提供一定施肥依据。To alleviate the obstacles of continuous cropping of foxtail millet,the effects of different soil conditioners on the root characteristics of foxtail millet planted in continuous cropping soil were investigated.The test was conducted with 4 soil conditioners and 1 non-fertilized control treatment.Four soil improvers include self-developed formula treatment(including seaweed essence,polyglutamic acid and EDTA chelated trace elements),earthworm polysaccharide treatment,microbial agent treatment and chitooligosaccharides treatment.For each soil conditioner treatment,two fertilization gradients were set as the common dose in agriculture and the equivalent dose,a total of 9 treatments.The experiment measured the plant height,dry and fresh weight,root traits,and other related indicators of different treatments during the 7-leaf stage and booting stage.The results showed that compared to the unfertilized control(CK),all soil conditioners improved the growth of foxtail millet in continuous cropping soil.Among them,chitooligosaccharides and earthworm polysaccharides had the best effect on promoting the growth of foxtail millet roots.After treatment with chitooligosaccharides,the total length of roots increased by 87.4%to 120%,the average diameter of roots increased by 21.7%,and the total number of root tips increased by 93.8%to 144%.During the booting stage after treatment with earthworm polysaccharides,the total length of roots increased by 128%to 161.3%,the average diameter of roots increased by 4.3%to 8.6%,and the total number of root tips increased by 151.4%to 183%.In summary,chitooligosaccharides and earthworm polysaccharide could promote the growth of foxtail millet roots and alleviate obstacles to continuous cropping.This study provided a certain scientific basis for alleviating continuous cropping obstacles in production.

关 键 词：谷子 土壤调理剂 连作障碍 连作改良 根系性状 壳寡糖 蚯蚓源多糖 

分 类 号：S314[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]