海上风电接入柔直系统的交流故障机理及影响分析  

AC Fault Mechanism and Impact Analysis of Offshore Wind Power Connected to Flexible and Direct Systems

作　　者：江万里 王若愚 李嘉靓 梁靖仪 JIANG Wanli;WANG Ruoyu;LI Jiajing;LIANG Jingyi(China Southern Power Grid Shenzhen Power Supply Bureau,Shenzhen 518000,Guangdong,China;China Energy Engineering Group Guangdong Electric Power Design Institute Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510663,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]南方电网深圳供电局有限公司,广东深圳518000 [2]中国能源建设集团广东省电力设计研究院有限公司,广东广州510663

出　　处：《南方能源建设》2025年第1期91-99,共9页Southern Energy Construction

基　　金：广东省重点领域研发计划项目“分布式海上风电场柔性直流输电站关键设备的研制”(2021B0101230001)。

摘　　要：[目的]为了更好地掌握海上风电接入系统故障特性,进行了海上风电接入系统交流故障特征的影响分析。[方法]给出了海上风电并网输电系统拓扑分析和海上风电电气结构工作控制原理分析,其中包括PMSG工作控制原理分析,柔直输电系统的拓扑及原理分析,海上换流站工作控制原理分析,陆上换流站工作控制原理分析,从不对称故障与对称故障2个方面开展了海上风电接入系统的故障特征机理分析。[结果]建立了基于PSCAD的海上风电经柔直送出的仿真模型并进行了验证分析,通过单相接地故障和三相接地故障仿真分析对所提出机理分析的正确性和普遍适用性进行了验证。[结论]仿真结果验证了故障特征机理分析的正确性,对称分量法能够满足于在含电力电子设备接入系统下的故障分析,不对称故障时,两侧的同相短路电流有一定的相角差,柔直侧的负序电流最大,风场侧的短路电流整体较小,对称故障时,柔直侧、风场侧电流分量中仅有正序电流,两侧的同相短路电流的相位几乎趋于一致,均呈现幅值受限特征。[Objective]In order to better understand the fault characteristics of offshore wind power access system,the impact analysis of AC fault characteristics of offshore wind power access system is carried out.[Method]The topology analysis of grid-connected transmission system of offshore wind power and the work control principle analysis of offshore wind power electrical structure were presented,including the work control principle analysis of PMSG,the topology and principle analysis of flexible and direct transmission system,the work control principle analysis of offshore converter station,the work control principle analysis of onshore converter station,and the work control principle analysis of offshore converter station.The fault characteristics and mechanism of offshore wind power access system were analyzed from two aspects:asymmetric fault and symmetric fault.[Result]The simulation model of PSCAD-based offshore wind power transmission through flexible direct transmission is established and verified.The correctness and universal applicability of the proposed mechanism analysis are verified through the simulation analysis of single-phase grounding fault and three-phase grounding fault.[Conclusion]The simulation results verify the correctness of the fault characteristic mechanism analysis.The symmetric component method can be satisfied with the fault analysis in the system with power electronic equipment access.In the case of asymmetric fault,the in-phase short-circuit current on both sides has a certain phase Angle difference,the negative sequence current on the soft straight side is the largest,and the short-circuit current on the wind side is generally small.There is only positive sequence current in the soft direct side and wind field side,and the phase of in-phase short-circuit current on both sides is almost the same,showing amplitude limitation.

关 键 词：海上风电 故障特性 仿真模型 不对称故障 对称故障 

分 类 号：TK89[动力工程及工程热物理—流体机械及工程] TM74[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]