胺吸收体系中CO_(2)催化解吸再生技术的研究进展  

Research progress of catalytic regeneration for energy-efficient CO_(2)capture in amine absorption system

作　　者：王宁[1,2,3] 陆诗建 刘玲 梁静[3] 刘苗苗 孙梦圆[1,2,3] 康国俊 WANG Ning;LU Shijian;LIU Ling;LIANG Jing;LIU Miaomiao;SUN Mengyuan;KANG Guojun(Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Coal-based Greenhouse Gas Control and Utilization,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221008,Jiangsu,China;Carbon Neutrality Institute,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221008,Jiangsu,China;School of Chemical Engineering and Technology,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学江苏省煤基温室气体减排与资源化利用重点实验室,江苏徐州221008 [2]中国矿业大学碳中和研究院,江苏徐州221008 [3]中国矿业大学化工学院,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《化工进展》2025年第1期445-464,共20页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费项目-科研基地建设专项(2023KYJD1004);江苏省煤基温室气体减排与资源化利用重点实验室创新能力建设专项(220ZDZZ01A);烟气二氧化碳直接矿化与催化转化利用重大科技示范(BE2022613)。

摘　　要：人类工业活动造成大气中CO_(2)含量逐渐增加,形成温室效应,导致全球气候异常。碳捕集、利用与封存(CCUS)技术,尤其是CO_(2)化学吸收过程,是实现大规模CO_(2)减排和遏制全球气候变化的最有效的方法之一。然而,由于CO_(2)捕集技术的高能耗高成本是导致CCUS技术无法大规模推广和商业化应用的瓶颈之一。近年来,胺吸收剂催化再生技术作为一种具有大规模应用潜力的CO_(2)捕集节能新技术引起了国内外研究者的广泛关注。本文综述了胺吸收体系中CO_(2)催化解吸再生技术的研究现状,详细介绍了非均相催化剂的种类、特点、优缺点和面临的挑战,阐述了胺溶液中CO_(2)催化解吸反应机理以及Lewis酸、Br?nsted酸和碱性活性位点等在催化反应过程中的作用机制,总结了影响催化剂解吸再生性能的主要因素。最后,全面分析了催化解吸再生技术用于燃烧后CO_(2)捕集的现状,并对未来的研究趋势进行了展望。Human industrial activities cause the gradual increase of CO_(2)content in the atmosphere,forming the greenhouse effect and leading to global climate anomalies.Carbon capture,utilization and storage(CCUS)technology,especially CO_(2)chemical absorption process,is one of the most effective ways to achieve large-scale CO_(2)emission reduction and curb global climate change.However,due to the high energy consumption and high cost of CO_(2)capture technology,CCUS technology cannot be promoted and commercialized on a large scale.In recent years,catalytic absorbent regeneration,as a new class of technology for low temperature energy-efficient CO_(2)desorption with great potential for large-scale application,has attracted extensive attention from researchers.This review focused on the recent research progresses and developments of the catalyst-assisted solvent regeneration technology.The characteristics and performance of heterogeneous catalysts was discussed in detail and the advantages,disadvantages and challenge of various catalysts were identified and commented upon.The enhancement mechanism of catalytic CO_(2)desorption and the role of Lewis acids,Brønsted acids and basic active sites were summarized.The main factors that affected the desorption and regeneration performances of heterogeneous catalysts were also addressed.Finally,the status of catalytic solvent regeneration for post-combustion CO_(2)capture was comprehensively analyzed and the future development direction and prospect of catalyst-aided solvent regeneration technology were also proposed.

关 键 词：燃后碳捕集 化学吸收法 催化再生技术 非均相催化剂 低能耗 

分 类 号：X701[环境科学与工程—环境工程]