宁夏中小学生超重肥胖和高血压共患状况及相关因素  

Prevalence and factors related to overweight,obesity and hypertension comorbidities among primary and secondary school students in Ningxia

作　　者：魏嵘 李媛 马宁 王晓莉[1] 靳雅男 马芳[1] 杨艺[1] 陈耀庚[3] WEI Rong;LI Yuan;MA Ning;WANG Xiaoli;JIN Yanan;MA Fang;YANG Yi;CHEN Yaogeng(Chronic Disease Monitoring Division,Ningxia Center for Disease Controland Prevention,Yinchuan(750001),Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]宁夏回族自治区疾病预防控制中心慢性病监测科,银川750001 [2]宁夏医科大学公共卫生学院 [3]宁夏医科大学医学信息与工程学院

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2024年第12期1807-1810,1814,共5页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：宁夏卫生健康系统科研课题(2021-NW-052)。

摘　　要：目的探讨宁夏中小学生超重肥胖和高血压共患水平及其相关因素,为有效开展儿童青少年早期的健康干预提供一定科学依据。方法2021年9月至2022年6月,采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法从宁夏银川市金凤区、中卫市沙坡头区、吴忠市盐池县、石嘴山市平罗县抽取4577名9~16岁中小学生进行问卷调查和身体测量。利用加权复杂抽样设计的χ^(2)检验和多因素非条件Logistic回归分析探讨儿童青少年超重、肥胖和高血压共患的相关因素。结果宁夏中小学生超重肥胖率为22.87%,高血压患病率为1.30%,超重肥胖和高血压共患率为1.07%。多因素非条件Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄13~16岁的学生(OR=15.66,95%CI=3.84~63.96)相比9~12岁学生、睡眠时间不足(OR=5.47,95%CI=1.73~17.33)相比充足的学生患超重肥胖与高血压共患水平高,每周早餐频率1~7次(OR=0.08,95%CI=0.02~0.37)相比每周早餐频率<1次的学生患超重肥胖与高血压共患水平低(P值均<0.05)。结论年龄、睡眠时间、早餐频率均是宁夏中小学生超重肥胖和高血压共患的相关因素,应密切关注9~12岁、睡眠时间不足及早晨空腹的学生,进行科学宣教和防控干预。Objective To explore the prevalence and related factors of overweight,obesity and hypertension comorbidities among children and adolescents in Ningxia,so as to provide a scientific basis for effective early health intervention in children and adolescents.Methods From September 2021 to June 2022,a total of 4577 students aged 9-16 were selected from Jinfeng District of Yinchuan City,Shapotou District of Zhongwei City,Yanchi County of Wuzhong City and Pingluo County of Shizuishan City in Ningxia by multi-stage cluster random sampling method for questionnaire survey and physical measurement.The influencing factors of overweight,obesity and hypertension comorbidities in children and adolescents were investigated by Chi-square test and multivariate unconditioned Logistic regression analysis with weighted complex sampling design.Results The prevalence of overweight and obesity among primary and secondary school students in Ningxia was 22.87%,the prevalence of hypertension was 1.30%,and the comorbity rate of overweight,obesity and hypertension was 1.07%.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that students aged 13-16(OR=15.66,95%CI=3.84-63.96,P<0.05)were more likely to suffer from overweight,obesity and hypertension than students aged 9-12.The students of insufficient sleep duration(OR=5.47,95%CI=1.73-17.33,P<0.05)had higher levels of overweight,obesity and hypertension comorbidities than those of adequate sleep duration.Students who had breakfast 1 to 7 times a week(OR=0.08,95%CI=0.02-0.37)had lower incidence than those who had breakfast once a week(P<0.05).Conclusions Age,sleep time and breakfast frequency are all related factors of overweight,obesity and hypertension co-morbidity among primary and secondary school students in Ningxia.Close attention should be paid to students aged 9-12 years with insufficient sleep time and fasting in the morning,and carry out scientific education and prevention and control interventions should be carried out.

关 键 词：超重 肥胖症 高血压 共病现象 回归分析 学生 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] R723.14[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] R544.1