基于丰富环境理论的家庭参与式多感官支持方案在新生儿重症监护病房早产儿中的应用  

Family participatory multisensory support programme based on the enriched environment theory in preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit

作　　者：王嘉莹 林梅[2] 许冬梅 黄芝蓉[2] 杨松媚[2] 黄婷 黄丽玲 李玉娟 邓欣 Wang Jiaying;Lin Mei;Xu Dongmei;Huang Zhirong;Yang Songmei;Huang Ting;Huang Liling;Li Yujuan;Deng Xin(Department of Nursing,Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities,Baise 533000,China;Neonatal Intensive Care Unit,Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities,Baise 533000,China)

机构地区：[1]右江民族医学院护理学院,百色533000 [2]右江民族医学院附属医院新生儿科,百色533000

出　　处：《中国实用护理杂志》2025年第4期241-250,共10页Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing

基　　金：广西壮族自治区卫生健康委西医类自筹经费科研课题(Z-L20220851);广西医药卫生自筹经费科研课题(20190816);右江民族医学院附属医院高层次人才科研项目(R20196349);百色市科学研究与技术开发计划第一批自筹经费课题(百科字〔2021〕11号-9)。

摘　　要：目的探讨基于丰富环境理论的家庭参与式多感官支持方案对新生儿重症监护病房(NICU)早产儿脑功能和神经发育的影响,并进一步探讨其对早产儿母亲敏感性和母婴依恋关系建立的影响。方法采用历史对照研究方法,便利抽样法选取2023年3—10月右江民族医学院附属医院NICU收治的116对早产儿及母亲作为研究对象,按照入院时间先后分为对照组和试验组。对照组给予常规护理,试验组在对照组的基础上实施基于丰富环境理论的家庭参与式多感官支持方案。比较干预前后2组早产儿振幅整合脑电图(aEEG)评分、中文版亲子互动-喂养母亲敏感性量表(PCI-FS-C)得分,以及纠正胎龄40周和3个月时Gesell发育商、早产儿母亲出院当天和出院后1、3个月时中文版母婴依恋量表(CMAI)得分。结果最终纳入105对早产儿及母亲,对照组52对,早产儿男29例,女23例,试验组53对,早产儿男32例,女21例。干预前,2组早产儿aEEG评分、PCI-FS-C得分比较差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。干预后,试验组早产儿aEEG评分、PCI-FS-C得分分别为(10.91±2.18)、(12.62±1.32)分,高于对照组的(9.67±1.94)、(10.42±1.45)分,差异均有统计学意义(t=3.06、8.15,均P<0.05)。试验组早产儿纠正胎龄40周和3个月时Gesell发育商各维度分别为(54.03±9.73)、(55.17±11.19)、(57.20±11.04)、(53.60±9.74)、(55.17±10.11)和(77.15±11.55)、(76.62±9.90)、(72.76±11.90)、(81.47±10.01)、(76.51±12.25),高于对照组的(49.70±9.07)、(49.06±8.61)、(52.41±9.01)、(49.28±8.78)、(50.07±12.52)和(71.10±11.87)、(69.02±12.53)、(65.77±12.24)、(75.08±11.08)、(68.63±10.89),差异均有统计学意义(t值为2.30~3.49,均P<0.05)。试验组早产儿母亲出院当天和出院后1、3个月CMAI总分分别为(82.81±12.85)、(87.70±10.29)、(95.91±8.76)分,高于对照组的(68.71±14.15)、(82.04±11.87)、(90.98±11.13)分,差异均有统计学意义(t=5.35、2.61、2.52,均P<0.05)。ObjectiveTo explore the application effect of family participatory multisensory support programme based on the theory of enriched environment on preterm infants and their mothers in neonatal intensive care unit(NICU).MethodsA historical comparative study was conducted.One hundred and sixteen pairs of preterm infants and their mothers admitted to NICU,Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities from March to October 2023 were selected by convenience sampling method and divided into control group and experimental group according to the time of admission.The control group was given routine care,while the experimental group implemented a family participatory multisensory support programme based on the enriched environment theory on the basis of the control group.The amplitude-integrated electroencephalography(aEEG)scores and the Chinese version of Parent-Child Interaction Feeding Scale(PCI-FS-C)scores before and after intervention,the Gesell developmental quotients at 40 weeks and 3 months of gestational age,the Chinese version of Maternal Attachment Inventory(CMAI)scores of preterm mothers on the day of discharge and 1 and 3 months after discharge were compared between the two groups.ResultsA total of 105 pairs of premature infants and their mothers were included,52 premature infants of control group,29 males and 23 females;53 premature infants of experimental group,including 32 males and 21 females.Before intervention,there were no significant differences in aEEG scores and PCI-FS-C scores between the two groups(all P>0.05).After intervention,the scores of aEEG and PCI-FS-C in the experimental group were(10.91±2.18)and(12.62±1.32)points,respectively,which were higher than(9.67±1.94)and(10.42±1.45)points in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(t=3.06,8.15,both P<0.05).The Gesell developmental quotient were(54.03±9.73),(55.17±11.19),(57.20±11.04),(53.60±9.74),(55.17±10.11)at 40 weeks of gestational age,and(77.15±11.55),(76.62±9.90),(72.76±11.90),(81

关 键 词：早产儿 多感官 丰富环境 家庭参与式 母婴依恋 母亲敏感性 

分 类 号：R72[医药卫生—儿科]