重症监护病房气管插管患者拔管失败危险因素及预防的研究进展  

Research progress on risk factors and prevention of extubation failure in intensive care unit patients with tracheal intubation

作　　者：冉鱼华 许小明 卢微 张洪涛 仇露露 闫心茹 Ran Yuhua;Xu Xiaoming;Lu Wei;Zhang Hongtao;Qiu Lulu;Yan Xinru(Emergency Department,Tongren People′s Hospital,Tongren 554300,China;Nursing Department,Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University,Zhuhai 519041,China;Critical Care Medicine Department,The Fifth Affiliated(Zhuhai)Hospital of Zunyi Medical University,Zhuhai 519100,China)

机构地区：[1]铜仁市人民医院急诊科,铜仁554300 [2]遵义医科大学珠海校区护理系,珠海519041 [3]遵义医科大学第五附属(珠海)医院重症医学科,珠海519100

出　　处：《中国实用护理杂志》2025年第4期316-320,F0003,共6页Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing

摘　　要：气管插管是重症监护病房患者最常用的人工气道的建立方式,是进行呼吸支持与治疗的前提,能否成功拔管是衡量患者预后的重要依据。受多种因素影响可引起患者拔管失败,导致患者住院时间延长、医疗费用增加、并发症发生率增高等。本文回顾国内外文献,对重症监护病房气管插管患者拔管失败的主要发生机制、危险因素和预防策略进行综述,旨在提高临床医务人员对拔管失败的识别能力,为其临床管理与后续研究提供参考。Tracheal intubation is the most commonly used way to establish artificial airway in intensive care unit patients,and it is the premise of respiratory support and treatment,the success of extubation is an important basis to measure the prognosis of patients.Influenced by many factors,extubation of patients may fail,resulting in prolonged hospitalization,increased medical expenses and increased incidence of complications.This article reviews the literature at home and abroad,and summarizes the main mechanism,risk factors and prevention strategies of extubation failure in intensive care unit patients,aiming at improving the recognition ability of clinical medical staff for extubation failure and providing reference for clinical management and follow-up research.

关 键 词：综述 重症监护病房 护理 拔管失败 气管插管 危险因素 

分 类 号：R473[医药卫生—护理学]