基于温室气体排放研究的霍山石斛碳友好型生态种植模式  

Carbon-friendly ecological cultivation mode of Dendrobium huoshanense based on greenhouse gas emission measurement

作　　者：田地 杨俊薇 陈冰瑞 池秀莲[2] 胡严炎 唐胜男 杨光[2] 程蒙[2] 戴亚峰 王诗文 TIAN Di;YANG Jun-wei;CHEN Bing-rui;CHI Xiu-lian;HU Yan-yan;TANG Sheng-nan;YANG Guang;CHENG Meng;DAI Ya-feng;WANG Shi-wen(State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs,National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Bejing 100700,China;Hubei Province Collaborative Innovation Center for Industrialization of Major Grain Crops,College of Agriculture,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434200,China;Jiuxianzun Huoshan Dendrobium Co.,Ltd.,Lu'an 237000,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学林木资源高效生产全国重点实验室,北京100083 [2]中国中医科学院中药资源中心道地药材品质保障与资源持续利用全国重点实验室,北京100700 [3]长江大学农学院主要粮食作物产业化湖北省协同创新中心,湖北荆州434200 [4]九仙尊霍山石斛股份有限公司,安徽六安237000

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2025年第1期93-101,共9页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(82173930);中国中医科学院科技创新工程项目(CI2021A03908,CI2023E002)。

摘　　要：生态种植是“双碳”目标下中药材可持续生产的重要方向。为了在保护的基础上开发濒危的霍山石斛Dendrobium huoshanense,设施栽培和拟境栽培模式已被开发和应用,但2种栽培模式下温室气体排放及其全球增温潜势的差异尚不清晰,限制了对“碳友好型”生态种植模式的准确评估。基于静态箱法的温室气体排放通量监测为解决该问题提供了有效的途径。因此,该文在安徽大别山霍山石斛培育基地中选取设施和拟境栽培模式,在2023年4月—2024年3月每月进行温室气体采集,通过气相色谱仪检测3种重要温室气体的浓度,包括CO_(2)、CH_(4)和N_(2)O,并进一步计算了温室气体排放通量、累积排放量及全球增温潜势。结果发现:(1)设施和拟境栽培模式的温室气体排放通量存在显著差异,尤其是CO_(2)排放通量,表现为设施栽培>拟境栽培[(35.60±11.70)mg·m^(-2)·h^(-1)vs(2.10±4.59)mg·m^(-2)·h^(-1)];(2)设施栽培的年CO_(2)累积排放量显著高于拟境栽培[(3077.00±842.00)kg·hm^(-2)vs(221.00±332.00)kg·hm^(-2)],但CH_(4)和N_(2)O的年累积排放量无显著差异;(3)设施栽培模式的全球增温潜势显著高于拟境栽培[(3053.00±847.00)kg·hm^(-2)vs(196.00±362.00)kg·hm^(-2)]。总之,霍山石斛拟境栽培较设施栽培表现出明显的“碳友好”特征,符合药用植物生态种植的理念,对于“双碳”目标下霍山石斛碳友好型生态种植模式的落地推广具有重要的参考意义。Ecological cultivation is an important way for the sustainable production of traditional Chinese medicine in the context of the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals.Facility cultivation and simulative habitat cultivation modes have been developed and applied to develop the endangered Dendrobium huoshanense on the basis of protection.However,the differences in the greenhouse gas emissions and global warming potential of these cultivation modes remain unexplored,which limits the accurate assessment of carbon-friendly ecological cultivation modes of D.huoshanense.Greenhouse gas emission flux monitoring based on the static chamber method provides an effective way to solve this problem.Therefore,this study conducted a field experiment in the facility cultivation and simulative habitat cultivation modes at a D.huoshanense cultivation base in Dabie Mountains,Anhui Province.From April 2023 to March 2024,samples of greenhouse gases were collected every month,and the concentrations of CO_(2),CH_(4),and N_(2)O of the samples were then detected by gas chromatography.The greenhouse gas emission fluxes,cumulative emissions,and global warming potential were further calculated,and the following results were obtained.(1)The two cultivation modes of D.huoshanense showed significant differences in greenhouse gas emission fluxes,especially the CO_(2)emission flux,with a pattern of facility cultivation>simulative habitat cultivation[(35.60±11.70)mg·m^(-2)·h^(-1)vs(2.10±4.59)mg·m^(-2)·h^(-1)].(2)The annual cumulative CO_(2)emission flux in the case of facility cultivation was significantly higher than that of simulative habitat cultivation[(3077.00±842.00)kg·hm^(-2)vs(221.00±332.00)kg·hm^(-2)],while no significant difference was found in annual cumulative CH_(4)and N_(2)O emission fluxes.(3)The facility cultivation mode had a significantly higher global warming potential than the simulative habitat cultivation mode[(3053.00±847.00)kg·hm^(-2)vs(196.00±362.00)kg·hm^(-2)].Overall,the simulative habitat cultivation of

关 键 词：霍山石斛 生态种植 栽培模式 温室气体排放 全球增温潜势 “双碳”目标 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培]