蟾蜍油物质基础及其治疗特应性皮炎模型小鼠药效作用研究  

Material basis of toad oil and its pharmacodynamic effect in a mouse model of atopic dermatitis

作　　者：刘玉洋 严心尉 边宝林[1] 丁耀华 魏晓露[1] 田孟尧 王巍[3] 赵海誉[1] 周严严[1] 王宏洁[1] 杨英 司南[1] LIU Yu-yang;YAN Xin-wei;BIAN Bao-lin;DING Yao-hua;WEI Xiao-lu;TIAN Meng-yao;WANG Wei;ZHAO Hai-yu;ZHOU Yan-yan;WANG Hong-jie;YANG Ying;SI Nan(Institute of Chinese Materia Medica,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100700,China;Xichang Fuhua Jinchan Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,Xichang 615000,China;China-Japan Friendship Hospital,Bejing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]中国中医科学院中药研究所,北京100700 [2]西昌富华金蟾生物科技有限公司,四川西昌615000 [3]中日友好医院,北京100029

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2025年第1期165-177,共13页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：国家林业和草原局重点研发项目(GLM[2021]46号);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(ZXKT22004);中国中医科学院科技创新工程项目(CL2021A04012)。

摘　　要：全面解析蟾蜍内脏油(简称蟾蜍油)的物质成分基础,针对特应性皮炎(atopic dermatitis,AD),探究蟾蜍油的药效作用。运用超高效液相色谱-线性离子阱静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱(UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS)和气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)技术全面鉴定蟾蜍油中的化学成分;用半抗原刺激法制备动物AD模型,分别外用给予阳性药(0.1%丁酸氢化可的松乳膏)和蟾蜍油低、高剂量(1%、10%),以特应性皮炎评分、耳肿胀率、脾脏指数以及病理切片结果为指标,评价蟾蜍油对AD的药效作用。通过UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS共鉴定出99个成分,其中包括14个蟾蜍甾烯类、7个脂肪酸类、6个生物碱类、10个酮类、18个酰胺类等;蟾蜍油样品甲酯化处理后,通过GC-MS共鉴定出20个化合物。药效结果显示,与模型组相比,蟾蜍油低、高剂量组AD小鼠的特应性皮炎评分、耳肿胀率、脾脏指数均有所下降,皮损组织得到了有效的缓解,肥大细胞数量浸润减少。该研究全面解析了蟾蜍油的化学成分组成,阐明其物质基础,同时证明蟾蜍油对AD具有较好的治疗作用,是一种治疗特应性皮炎的中药外用药的储备资源。This study aims to comprehensively analyze the material basis of toad visceral oil(hereafter referred to as toad oil),and explore the pharmacological effect of toad oil on atopic dermatitis(AD).Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-linear ion trap/orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry(UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS)and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)were employed to comprehensively identify the chemical components in toad oil.The animal model of AD was prepared by the hapten stimulation method.The modeled animals were respectively administrated with positive drug(0.1%hydrocortisone butyrate cream)and low-and high-doses(1%,10%)of toad oil by gavage.The effect of toad oil on AD was evaluated with the AD score,ear swelling rate,spleen index,and pathological section results as indicators.A total of 99 components were identified by UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS,including 14 bufadienolides,7 fatty acids,6 alkaloids,10 ketones,18 amides,and other compounds.After methylation of toad oil samples,a total of 20 compounds were identified by GC-MS.Compared with the model group,the low-and high-dose toad oil groups showed declined AD score,ear swelling rate,and spleen index,alleviated skin lesions,and reduced infiltrating mast cells.This study comprehensively analyzes the chemical composition and clarifies the material basis of toad oil.Meanwhile,this study proves that toad oil has a good therapeutic effect on AD and is a reserve resource of traditional Chinese medicine for external use in the treatment of AD.

关 键 词：蟾蜍油 特应性皮炎 物质基础 药效作用 

分 类 号：R285.5[医药卫生—中药学] R-332[医药卫生—中医学]