太阳能热化学储能技术关键材料研究现状  

Research status of key materials for solar thermochemical energy storage technology

作　　者：胡若兰 邓巍[1] 赵勇[1] 谢小军[1] 张恩享 HU Ruolan;DENG Wei;ZHAO Yong;XIE Xiaojun;ZHANG Enxiang(Xi’an Thermal Power Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]西安热工研究院有限公司,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《热力发电》2025年第1期1-11,共11页Thermal Power Generation

基　　金：中国华能集团有限公司总部科技项目(HNKJ22-H21)。

摘　　要：回顾了近年来太阳能驱动的固-气、气-气和液-气热化学储能体系应用的反应物和催化剂等关键材料的研究进展;综述了碳酸盐、氢氧化物、金属氢化物、金属氧化物、有机物和氨等材料的热化学储能特性以及反应物材料改性、新材料开发和催化剂改良等的研究现状。目前,适用于太阳能热化学储能的反应物材料在循环稳定性、反应活性、转化率、储能密度、成本或安全性等方面或多或少存在不足,限制了太阳能热化学储能技术的商业化应用。未来,仍需在已知热化学反应体系的基础上研制兼顾储能密度和循环反应稳定性、无腐蚀性和无毒性且具有成本效益的先进复合材料,同时开发新型高效催化剂以提高反应速率,扩展示范应用场景和规模,进一步提升太阳能热化学储能技术的成熟度。The recent advancements in key materials including reactants and catalysts employed in solid-gas,gas-gas,and liquid-gas solar thermochemical energy storage(TCES)systems are reviewed.The thermochemical properties of reactants such as carbonates,hydroxides,metal hydrides,metal oxides,organics,and ammonia are examined.The research status of the modification of these reactants,new material development,and catalyst improvement are also discussed.At present,the reactant materials suitable for solar TCES exhibit various deficiencies in terms of cyclic stability,reactivity,conversion rate,energy storage density,cost or safety,which hinder the commercial viability of solar TCES technology.To further enhance the maturity of solar TCES technology,it is imperative to develop advanced composite materials on the basis of known thermochemical reaction systems,improve novel efficient catalysts,and broaden demonstration application scenarios and scales in the future.The key materials should endow TCES systems with high energy storage density,more robust cyclic stability,and rapider reaction kinetics.It is preferred that they are readily available,non-corrosive,and non-toxic and more cost-effective.

关 键 词：太阳能利用 热化学储能 储能材料 反应物 催化剂 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]