机场大气污染物排放时空分布测算方法与特征  

Calculation methods and characteristics of temporal and spatial distribution of airport air pollutant emissions

作　　者：李晨旭 王紫怡 LI Chen-xu;WANG Zi-yi(School of Transportation Science and Engineering,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China)

机构地区：[1]中国民航大学交通科学与工程学院,天津300300

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2025年第2期648-656,共9页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(U2133206);中央高校基本科研业务费(KJZ53420210017)。

摘　　要：以天津机场为例,对比了基于模型推荐值与基于机场实际运行数据修正模型参数后的排放测算结果,建立高空间(45m×45m)分辨率的排放清单,识别了排放热点.结果表明:根据推荐值计算机场单日移动源的NO_(x)、CO、SO_(2)、PM、HC排放量分别为2320.01,12919.90,199.36,76.83,635.92kg,根据实际情况修正运行参数后,测算移动源的产生的NO_(x)、CO、SO_(2)、PM、HC排放量分别为1982.65,722.25,157.27,70.48,86.38kg.单日机场的总排放峰值出现在离港高峰08:00~09:00.空间分析表明:NO_(x)的排放热点分布于离港跑道端;CO的排放热点主要分布于进离港航班使用的联络滑行道的汇合区;SO_(2)、PM的排放热点主要分布于进离港航班较多的停机位;HC的排放热点主要在联络滑行道的汇合区以及进离港航班较多的停机位.NO_(x)前20%排放强度主要来源于飞机在起飞状态下的排放;CO前20%排放强度主要来源于飞机在滑行状态下的排放;SO_(2)、HC前20%排放强度主要来源于地面支持设备在停机位服务状态下的排放和飞机在滑行状态下的排放;PM前20%排放强度主要来源于地面支持设备在停机位和服务车道产生的排放.A case study was conducted at Tianjin Airport by the research team,in which the predicted emissions using default parameters(recommended values)were compared with the results based on inputs that had been adjusted to real-world airport operations.A high spatial resolution(45m×45m)emission inventory was established in the airfield area to identify emission hotspots,and the results indicated that the daily emissions generated by all mobile sources at the airport based on recommended values were 2,320.01kg(NO_(x)),12,919.90kg(CO),199.36kg(SO_(2)),76.83kg(PM)and 635.92kg(HC).After adjustment of inputs based on real-world airport operations,the emissions results were 1,982.65kg(NO_(x)),722.25kg(CO),157.27kg(SO_(2)),70.48kg(PM)and 86.38kg(HC).The time between 08:00 to 09:00(the departure peak at the airport)was identified as the period when the maximum total emissions across time of day occurred.Results of the spatial analysis showed that the emission hotspots were predominantly distributed as follows:for NO_(x),near the end of the departure runway;for CO,the merging area of taxiways(which connect arriving and departing flights);for SO_(2)and PM,the aprons with a larger number of arriving and departing flights;and for HC,both the merging area of connecting taxiways and the aprons with a larger number of flights.The top 20%of emissions were primarily from:for NO_(x)the take-off stage of aircraft;for CO,taxiing stage of aircraft;for SO_(2)and HC,the ground support equipment in the parking position during the service stage and taxiing stage of aircraft;and for PM,ground support equipment at parking lots and service lanes.

关 键 词：机场 移动源 排放热点 EDMS LTO 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]