卤代有机污染物对剩余污泥厌氧消化产能的影响及机制  

Effect of halogenated organic pollutants on anaerobic digestion capacity of waste activated sludge and its mechanisms

作　　者：赵铮铮 吴瑒 郑雄[1,2,3] 龙敏 陈银广 ZHAO Zheng-zheng;WU Yang;ZHENG Xiong;LONG Min;CHEN Yin-guang(State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse,School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment,College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学环境科学与工程学院,污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室,上海200092 [2]同济大学环境科学与工程学院,长江水环境教育部重点实验室,上海200092 [3]上海污染控制与生态安全研究院,上海200092

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2025年第2期892-901,共10页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52200171);上海自然科学基金资助项目(22ZR1466900)。

摘　　要：卤代有机化合物(HOPs)作为重要的工业化学品,在加工、运输和使用过程中被大量释放到环境中,最终富集在污水处理厂的剩余污泥中.厌氧消化是剩余污泥资源化处置的重要手段,可转化有机物为挥发性脂肪酸和甲烷等高值产品.然而,HOPs对剩余污泥厌氧消化产能的影响及其作用机制尚未得到系统阐述,因此,采用系统文献综述的方法,通过系统文献综述,分析了HOPs对污泥厌氧消化产甲烷效能、关键过程及微生物群落的影响规律.结果表明,多数HOPs因具有较高毒性而抑制厌氧消化关键阶段,导致甲烷产量降低;部分低毒性HOPs则表现出低浓度促进、高浓度抑制的"激素效应".HOPs主要通过影响增溶、水解、产酸和产甲烷四个关键阶段来调控厌氧消化效能,其中对产酸和产甲烷阶段的影响最为显著.HOPs可通过改变微生物群落结构、抑制关键酶活性和干扰代谢途径等方式影响厌氧微生物的功能.本研究揭示了HOPs对污泥厌氧消化的影响机制,并针对当前研究不足提出了未来研究方向,为剩余污泥的资源化利用和安全处置提供理论基础.Halogenated organic compounds(HOPs),as important industrial chemicals,are extensively released into the environment during their production,transportation,and usage,ultimately accumulating in waste activated sludge(WAS)from wastewater treatment plants.Anaerobic digestion is a crucial approach for resource recovery from WAS,converting organic matter into valuable products such as volatile fatty acids and methane.However,the effects of HOPs on the anaerobic digestion capacity of WAS and their underlying mechanisms have not been systematically elucidated.Through a comprehensive literature review,this study analyzed the impacts of HOPs on methane production efficiency,key processes,and microbial communities during sludge anaerobic digestion.The results revealed that most HOPs inhibit key stages of anaerobic digestion due to their high toxicity,leading to reduced methane yield,while some low-toxicity HOPs exhibit a"hormesis effect"with promotion at low concentrations and inhibition at high concentrations.HOPs primarily regulate anaerobic digestion efficiency by affecting four critical stages:solubilization,hydrolysis,acidogenesis,and methanogenesis,with the most significant impacts on acidogenesis and methanogenesis.HOPs can influence the function of anaerobic microorganisms by altering microbial community structure,inhibiting key enzyme activities,and interfering with metabolic pathways.This study unveils the mechanisms of HOPs’effects on sludge anaerobic digestion and proposes future research directions addressing current knowledge gaps,providing a theoretical foundation for resource recovery and safe disposal of WAS.

关 键 词：卤代有机污染物 剩余污泥 厌氧消化 微生物 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]