国家水网智能调度总体框架与关键问题认识和思考  

General framework for intelligent scheduling of the national water network and key issues:understanding and reflections

作　　者：王超[1] 李韡 陈竹青[3] 林斌[4] 卢鑫 郑钧 Wang Chao;Li Wei;Chen Zhuqing;Lin Bin;Lu Xin;Zheng Jun

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100038 [2]水利部水利水电规划设计总院,北京100120 [3]淮河水利委员会水文局,蚌埠233001 [4]福建省水利水电勘测设计研究院有限公司,福州350001 [5]四川省水利科学研究院,成都610072 [6]中国南水北调集团水网智慧科技有限公司,北京102308 [7]南水北调水网智科公司水网数字化协同技术创新中心,北京102308

出　　处：《中国水利》2025年第3期1-13,共13页China Water Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大项目“国家水网构建原理与数字推演”(52394234);四川省自然科学基金面上项目“基于数字孪生技术的堰塞湖险情自动判别与监测预警方法研究”(24NSFSC2282)。

摘　　要：开展国家水网智能调度,是充分发挥国家水网水旱灾害防御能力、水资源节约集约利用能力、水资源优化配置能力、大江大河大湖生态保护治理能力的核心关键,《国家水网建设规划纲要》明确提出要加快推进国家水网调度中心建设。分析了国家水网智能调度内涵以及实现的必要条件与现状差距,提出了管理和技术双轮驱动国家水网智能调度总体架构。从依法管水、健全国家水网调度法律法规和跨域协同、构建国家水网调度体制机制两方面对构建国家水网调度指挥体系进行了探讨,为国家水网调度提供工作基础。聚焦水网调度多层级多目标特征,从融合新要素新技术新模式的监测感知体系、打破跨部门多层级数据壁垒的数据资源体系、国家水网调度智能决策体系、水网分层分级评价体系等多方面,对数字孪生国家水网建设的若干关键问题进行了初步思考,相关内容可为下一步推动国家水网调度中心建设提供思路。Implementing intelligent scheduling for the national water network is crucial for enhancing its capabilities in flood and drought disaster prevention,efficient and intensive utilization of water resources,optimal allocation,and ecological protection of major rivers and lakes.The“Outline of the National Water Network Construction Plan”explicitly calls for accelerating the establishment of the national water network control center.This paper analyzes the connotation of intelligent scheduling,the necessary conditions for its realization,and the existing gaps.It proposes a management and technology dual-driven general framework for intelligent scheduling of the national water network.The construction of the national water network command system is discussed from two perspectives:governing water according to law by improving relevant laws and regulations,and cross-regional collaboration by establishing a national water network scheduling mechanism,thereby laying the foundation for scheduling operations.Focusing on the multi-level and multi-objective characteristics of water network scheduling,this paper preliminarily explores several key issues in the construction of a digital twin for the national water network.These include a monitoring and sensing system that integrates new elements,technologies,and models;a comprehensive data resource system breaking down CHINA WATER RESOURCES 2025.3 data barriers across departments and levels;an intelligent decision-making system for national water network scheduling;and a hierarchical evaluation system.The relevant content can provide ideas for the advancement of the national water network control center.

关 键 词：国家水网 智能调度 总体框架 体制机制 数字孪生 关键问题 

分 类 号：TV213.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源] TP393[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]