我国落实2030年可持续发展议程涉水目标进展及建议  

Progress of implementing water-related targets of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development in China and suggestions

作　　者：徐国印 陈佳川 杨研[1] 郭利颖 陈琛 Xu Guoyin;Chen Jiachuan;Yang Yan;Guo Liying;Chen Chen

机构地区：[1]水利部发展研究中心,北京100038

出　　处：《中国水利》2025年第3期31-36,共6页China Water Resources

基　　金：水利部水利政策研究项目(102126222260010009021)。

摘　　要：2015年联合国大会第七十届会议通过了《2030年可持续发展议程》,于2016年1月1日正式启动实施。2023年,联合国对其实施情况进行了中期评估。以联合国于2023年7月发布的《2023年可持续发展目标报告:特别版》为基础,系统梳理了全球涉水目标总体进展情况,深入分析了各国在实现2030年可持续发展目标进程中的位置。关于涉水目标,虽已取得巨大进展,但仍有数十亿人无法获得安全饮水、公共卫生和个人卫生等方面的服务。如果要在2030年实现目标,眼下就需要大幅度提高全球的进展速度,其中饮用水方面需提高6倍,环境卫生方面需提高5倍,个人卫生方面需提高3倍。我国在实现议程涉水目标方面取得了重大积极进展,但在观念理念、监测口径、监测能力等方面依然存在不足。为切实落实发展议程和涉水目标,建议强化部际协调机制,进一步加大部门间协调力度;完善监测指标体系,适应国际需要整合监测数据;组织专门技术团队,加大跟踪研究力度;不断加大宣传力度,让中国治水理念、治水智慧和治水经验为全球水治理体系变革发展作出积极贡献。In 2015,the 70th session of the United Nations General Assembly adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development,which was officially launched on January 1,2016.In 2023,the United Nations conducted a mid-term evaluation of its implementation.Based on the“2023 Sustainable Development Goals Report:Special Edition”released by the United Nations in July 2023,this study systematically reviews the global progress of water-related targets and analyzes the positions of various countries in achieving the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals.Despite significant advancements,billions of people still lack access to safe drinking water,sanitation,and hygiene services.To achieve the 2030 targets,the current global progress rates need to increase substantially:6 times for drinking water,5 times for sanitation,and 3 times for hygiene.China has made significant positive progress in achieving the water-related targets of the Agenda;however,challenges remain in areas such as public awareness,monitoring standards,and monitoring capabilities.To effectively implement the development agenda and water-related targets,it is recommended to strengthen inter-ministerial coordination mechanisms and enhance departmental collaboration;improve the monitoring indicator system to integrate monitoring data in line with international requirements;organize specialized technical teams to intensify research efforts;and continuously increase publicity to contribute China’s water management concepts,wisdom,and experiences to the transformation and development of the global water governance system.

关 键 词：可持续发展议程 涉水目标 人类命运共同体 水资源管理 

分 类 号：TV213[水利工程—水文学及水资源]