通用人工智能参与行政决策的功能、问题与优化  

The Functions,Issues,and Optimization of General Artificial Intelligence in Administrative Decision-Making

作　　者：吴昊 郑军[3] Wu Hao;Zheng Jun(School of Sociology and Public Administration,East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai 200237,China;New Era National Security Research Center,East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai 200237,China;School of law,University of International Business and Economics,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]华东理工大学社会与公共管理学院,上海200237 [2]华东理工大学新时代国家安全研究中心,上海200237 [3]对外经济贸易大学法学院,北京100029

出　　处：《中国科技论坛》2025年第2期107-116,共10页Forum on Science and Technology in China

基　　金：华东理工大学中央一流引导专项“文化传承创新-智库基地平台提升计划”(SLL00244002);华东理工大学中央高校基本科研业务费项目“城市社区治理中多元主体协同共治研究”(JKP02242605)。

摘　　要：通用人工智能对行政决策现代化具有重要的推动作用。在行政决策过程中,通用人工智能能够在输入端提高信息收集和分析效率,在决策端捕捉到问题的关键环节,在输出端确定最优化的决策方案,为实现科学民主依法决策提供助益。与此同时,由于通用人工智能本身存在的迭代发育缺失、天然伦理缺憾与实践能效缺陷,在行政决策的不同信息运演阶段带来了一系列问题,包括信息输入阶段因信息收集的非全面性而产生的算法歧视难题、信息加工阶段因技术过度嵌入决策而带来的技术依赖难题以及信息输出阶段因人为设置或认知差异带来的算法黑箱难题。对此,应当对通用人工智能辅助行政决策进行优化,加强对信息和运算偏差的管理和监管以防范算法歧视促进算法公平,澄清算法在决策过程中的辅助性地位和工具性角色来保障决策安全,完善规范制定程序和建立算法披露制度以消解算法黑箱。General artificial intelligence has a significant promoting effect on the modernization of administrative decision-making.During the administrative decision-making process,general artificial intelligence can enhance information collection and analytical efficiency at the input end,capture key problem links at the decision end,and confirm optimized decision-making solutions at the output end,thereby assisting in achieving scientific,democratic,and legal decision-making.However,due to inherent weaknesses in iterative development,natural ethical defects,and practical efficiency limitations of general artificial intelligence,it brings a series of problems across different stages of information operations in administrative decision-making.These issues include algorithmic discrimination difficulties caused by the incomprehensiveness of information collection at the information input stage,technological dependence difficulties due to excessive technology embedding in decision-making at the information processing stage,and algorithmic black box difficulties caused by artificial settings or recognition differentiation at the information output stage.In this regard,it is necessary to optimize the assistance of general artificial intelligence in administrative decision-making,strengthen the management and supervision of information and algorithm deviations to prevent algorithm discrimination and promote algorithm fairness,clarify the auxiliary position and instrumental role of algorithms in the decision-making process to ensure decision-making security,and improve the regulatory formulation procedure and establish an algorithm disclosure system to eliminate the algorithm black box.

关 键 词：通用人工智能 行政决策 技术法治 

分 类 号：D630[政治法律—政治学]