中国慢性肾脏病防控面临的挑战和建议  

Challenges and suggestions for the prevention and control of chronic kidney disease in China

作　　者：赵振平[1] 王丽敏[1] Zhao Zhenping;Wang Limin(Division of Chronic Disease and Risk Factor Surveillance,National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100050,China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病预防控制中心慢病危险因素监测室,北京100050

出　　处：《中华流行病学杂志》2025年第1期9-17,共9页Chinese Journal of Epidemiology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFC2500201);中国科技创新2030(2023ZD0503900,2023ZD0503901)。

摘　　要：我国面临人口老龄化、高血压和糖尿病等慢性病患病率居高不下且控制效果不佳的局面、慢性病相关危险因素在人群中普遍存在的形势。这些因素共同导致居民慢性肾脏病的防控形势严峻。近十年来,我国居民的慢性肾脏病患病率虽有所下降,但其知晓率仍然较低。为早期发现和治疗慢性肾脏病,亟须加强对人群的健康教育和健康促进,强化高危人群的机会性筛查,并提高检测及诊断的可及性。建议持续监测慢性肾脏病的疾病负担及驱动因素,加强对可改变危险因素的控制,以进一步降低慢性肾脏病的发病与负担。Population aging,high prevalence of chronic disease,such as hypertension and diabetes,low chronic disease control rate and chronic disease related risk factors commonly observed in population are serious public health problems faced by China today,which have resulting in severe challenges in the prevention and control of chronic kidney disease(CKD)in China.Although the prevalence rate of CKD showed decrease in the past decade,the awareness of CKD in population remains low.To facilitate early detection and treatment of CKD,it is necessary to strengthen health education or promotion and opportunistic screening in high-risk populations,and improve the accessibility of testing and diagnosis.It is suggested to continue the surveillance for disease burden of CKD and related factors and strengthen the control of risk factors to further reduce the incidence and burden of CKD.

关 键 词：肾脏病 预防控制 疾病负担 

分 类 号：R692[医药卫生—泌尿科学]