河北省成年人慢性肾脏病患病流行状况及影响因素研究  

Prevalence of chronic kidney disease and influencing factors in adults in Hebei Province

作　　者：郭甜甜 刘晓丽[1] 赵晶晶 李玫 唐丽娟[1] 岳福娟 曹亚景[1] Guo Tiantian;Liu Xiaoli;Zhao Jingjing;Li Mei;Tang Lijuan;Yue Fujuan;Cao Yajing(Institute of Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention,Hebei Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Shijiazhuang 050021,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病防治所,石家庄050021

出　　处：《中华流行病学杂志》2025年第1期107-117,共11页Chinese Journal of Epidemiology

基　　金：河北省医学科学研究课题计划(20240705)。

摘　　要：目的分析河北省成年人慢性肾脏病(CKD)患病流行状况及其影响因素,为河北省制定CKD综合防治策略提供科学依据。方法利用2018年中国成人慢性病与营养监测项目河北省数据,通过多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法,选取河北省13个监测点中≥18岁常住居民7562名作为研究对象,对所有研究对象进行问卷调查、医学体检和实验室检测。结果河北省≥18岁成年人中有CKD患者1067名,加权患病率为12.10%。多因素分析结果显示,日均总静态行为时间(OR=1.07,95%CI:1.04~1.09)、农村(OR=1.50,95%CI:1.14~1.97)、使用煤(OR=1.37,95%CI:1.16~1.61)、煤气/液化气/天然气/沼气(OR=2.92,95%CI:2.40~3.54)、太阳能/电(OR=1.75,95%CI:1.36~2.25)、水果摄入不足(OR=1.39,95%CI:1.06~1.83)、身体活动不足(OR=1.35,95%CI:1.11~1.64),高血压(OR=1.80,95%CI:1.44~2.24)、糖尿病(OR=1.77,95%CI:1.27~2.45)均为河北省成年人CKD患病的危险因素;文化程度较高(OR=0.41,95%CI:0.19~0.91),过量饮酒(OR=0.53,95%CI:0.28~0.99)、中心性肥胖(OR=0.75,95%CI:0.58~0.97)、过敏性疾病史(OR=0.44,95%CI:0.27~0.72)是CKD患病的保护因素。结论河北省成年人CKD患病率较高,尤其是日均总静态行为时间过长、农村、使用煤、煤气/液化气/天然气/沼气、太阳能/电、水果摄入不足、身体活动不足、高血压、糖尿病人群。应重视CKD的早期防治,加强健康生活方式宣传,做好高血压、糖尿病等慢性病人群的重点管控,进一步降低CKD发生风险。Objective To analyze the prevalence of chronic kidney disease(CKD)and influencing factors of adults in Hebei Province,and provide scientific evidence for the development of comprehensive CKD prevention and control strategies.MethodsIn China Adult Chronic Disease and Nutrition Surveillance in Hebei in 2018,a total of 7562 permanent residents aged≥18 years were selected by multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling from 13 surveillance points in Hebei for questionnaire survey,medical examination and laboratory test.ResultsA total of 1067 CKD patients were detected in the adults aged≥18 years in this survey,with a weighted prevalence rate of 12.10%.The results of multivariate analysis showed that the daily total static behavior time(OR=1.07,95%CI:1.04-1.09),living in rural area(OR=1.50,95%CI:1.14-1.97),coal use(OR=1.37,95%CI:1.16-1.61),coal gas/liquefied gas/natural gas/biogas use(OR=2.92,95%CI:2.40-3.54)and solar energy/electricity use(OR=1.75,95%CI:1.36-2.25),insufficient fruit intake(OR=1.39,95%CI:1.06-1.83),insufficient physical activity(OR=1.35,95%CI:1.11-1.64),suffering from hypertension(OR=1.80,95%CI:1.44-2.24)and suffering from diabetes(OR=1.77,95%CI:1.27-2.45)were risk factors for CKD in adults in Hebei.High education level(OR=0.41,95%CI:0.19-0.91),excessive drinking(OR=0.53,95%CI:0.28-0.99),central obesity(OR=0.75,95%CI:0.58-0.97),history of allergic diseases(OR=0.44,95%CI:0.27-0.72)were protective factors for CKD.ConclusionsThe prevalence of CKD in adults in Hebei was relatively high,especially in those who had too long average daily static behavior,lived in rural area,used coal,gas/liquefied gas/natural gas/biogas,solar energy/electricity,had inadequate intake of fruits,lacked physical activity and suffered from hypertension and diabetes.It is necessary to pay attention to the early prevention and treatment of CKD,strengthen the health education about healthy lifestyle and improve the management of patients with chronic disease,such as hypertension and diabetes,to further reduce the risk for CKD.

关 键 词：慢性肾脏病 成年人 患病 影响因素 

分 类 号：R69[医药卫生—泌尿科学]