2024年浙江省≥50岁城乡居民流感疫苗接种意愿及影响因素分析  

Analysis of influenza vaccination intention and influencing factors among urban and rural residents aged≥50 in Zhejiang Province,in 2024

作　　者：赵玉遂[1] 徐锦杭[1] 徐越[1] 闫晓彤 姚丁铭[1] 陈赫妮 胡秀静 张雪海[1] Zhao Yusui;Xu Jinhang;Xu Yue;Yan Xiaotong;Yao Dingming;Chen Heni;Hu Xiujing;Zhang Xuehai(Department of Health Education Institute,Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hangzhou310051,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省疾病预防控制中心健康教育所,杭州310051

出　　处：《中华健康管理学杂志》2025年第1期36-42,共7页Chinese Journal of Health Management

摘　　要：目的分析2024年浙江省≥50岁城乡居民流感疫苗接种意愿及影响因素。方法本研究为横断面研究。于2024年3月至5月在浙江省90个县(市、区)中选取35个县(市、区)、175个社区/村,采用多阶段拦截调查的方法在当地医院、社区卫生服务中心/社区卫生院中前去就诊的居民进行问卷调查,内容包括基本情况、流感防治知识、慢性病患病情况、流感疫苗接种情况以及接种意愿等。根据调查对象户口所在地,依据国家统计局制定的《统计用区划代码和城乡划分代码编制规则》对城乡居民进行划分。采用χ^(2)检验、方差分析、多元logistic回归模型分析居民流感疫苗接种意愿及影响因素。结果共调查10500例,其中,农村居民4885例(46.52%),城镇居民5615例(53.48%);农村居民、城镇居民愿意接种流感疫苗者分别有3430例(70.21%)和3718例(66.22%);多元logistic回归模型分析结果显示,对于≥50岁农村居民,年龄较小(50~59岁组:OR=1.747,95%CI:1.290~2.366;60~69岁组:OR=1.838,95%CI:1.401~2.411)、有流感疫苗接种史(OR=6.721,95%CI:5.152~8.767)、医生推荐(OR=3.788,95%CI:3.078~4.662)、流感防治知识得分高(OR=1.090,95%CI:1.054~1.128)是接种流感疫苗意愿的促进因素;对于≥50城镇居民,60~69岁年龄组(OR=1.264,95%CI:1.023~1.563)、有流感疫苗接种史(OR=5.392,95%CI:4.309~6.748)、医生推荐(OR=5.307,95%CI:4.420~6.371)、流感防治知识得分高(OR=1.051,95%CI:1.021~1.082)是接种流感疫苗意愿的促进因素。结论浙江省≥50岁城乡居民流感疫苗接种意愿较高,但还有待进一步提高。年龄、流感疫苗接种史、医生是否推荐以及流感防治知识得分是影响流感疫苗接种意愿的因素。ObjectiveTo analyze the intention to receive influenza vaccination and its associated factors among urban and rural residents aged≥50 in Zhejiang Province,China,in 2024.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted between March and May 2024 through a multi-stage intercept survey in 35 counties(cities,districts)selected from a total of 90 in Zhejiang Province,involving 175 communities/villages.The survey targeted residents visiting local hospitals and community health service centers/community health clinics.The questionnaire included basic demographic information,knowledge related to influenza prevention and treatment,chronic disease status,history of influenza vaccination,and intention to vaccinate.Urban and rural residents were classified based on their registered residence,according to the"Rules for Compilation of Statistical Regional Code and Urban-Rural Division Code"issued by the National Bureau of Statistics.Chi-square tests,ANOVA,and multivariate logistic regression models were used to analyze the factors influencing the intention to receive the influenza vaccine.ResultsA total of 10500 participants were surveyed,comprising 4885 rural residents(46.52%)and 5615 urban residents(53.48%).Of these,3430 rural residents(70.21%)and 3718 urban residents(66.22%)expressed intention to receive the influenza vaccine.Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that for rural residents aged≥50,younger age groups(50-59 years:OR=1.747,95%CI:1.290-2.366;60-69 years:OR=1.838,95%CI:1.401-2.411),history of influenza vaccination(OR=6.721,95%CI:5.152-8.767),doctor′s recommendation for vaccination(OR=3.788,95%CI:3.078-4.662),and higher scores on knowledge related to influenza prevention and treatment(OR=1.090,95%CI:1.054-1.128)were significant promoting factors for vaccination intent.For urban residents aged≥50,belonging to the 60-69 age group(OR=1.264,95%CI:1.023-1.563),history of influenza vaccination(OR=5.392,95%CI:4.309-6.748),doctor′s recommendation for vaccination(OR=5.307,95%CI:4.420-6.371),and higher

关 键 词：流感疫苗接种 意愿 城乡居民 影响因素 浙江省 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]