有机小分子荧光探针结合静电纺丝用于爆炸物检测研究进展  

Advances in Integration of Organic Small Molecule Fluorescent Probes with Electrospinning Techniques for Detection of Explosives

作　　者：成乐琴[1] 陶韵琦 张跃伟[1] 于雪[1] CHENG Leqin;TAO Yunqi;ZHANG Yuewei;YU Xue(School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering,Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology,Jilin 132022,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林化工学院化学与制药工程学院,吉林吉林132022

出　　处：《发光学报》2025年第1期126-139,共14页Chinese Journal of Luminescence

基　　金：吉林省科技发展计划项目(YDZJ202301ZYTS312,YDZJ202201ZYTS618);吉林省教育厅科学技术研究项目一般项目(JJKH20240301KJ);吉林市科技局杰出青年人才培养专项项目(20230103015)。

摘　　要：近年来,随着炸药制备和隐蔽性水平的进一步提高,爆炸物探测也面临更加严峻的挑战。有机小分子荧光探针具有高灵敏度、高选择性、低检测限等优点,近年来在爆炸物识别方面得到了广泛应用。然而,这些荧光探针对爆炸物的识别通常需要在溶液中进行,导致其应用受到很大限制。静电纺丝是一种制备直径可控、形态均匀的纳米纤维的有效技术。将荧光探针与静电纺丝技术结合制备出具有携带方便、可重复性好、检测限低等优点的荧光纳米纤维膜,有效地拓宽了荧光探针在检测爆炸物方面的应用。本文对有机小分子材料的荧光传感单元结构进行分类,总结了有机小分子荧光纳米纤维膜传感器对常见爆炸物三硝基甲苯(Trinitrotoluene,TNT)、三硝基苯酚(Trinitrophenol,TNP)、2,4-二硝基甲苯(2,4-Dinitrotoluene,DNT)、环三亚甲基三硝胺(Cyclotrimethylene trinitramine,RDX)、三过氧化三丙酮(Triacetone triperoxide,TATP)等进行荧光识别和检测,为实际爆炸物检测中静电纺荧光纳米纤维膜的设计提供指导,同时为荧光探针在复杂环境中的实际应用提供了新思路。In recent years,advancements in the preparation and concealment of explosives have presented increasingly significant challenges for their detection.Organic small-molecule fluorescent probes with high sensitivity,high selectivity and low detection limit have become widely used in explosive identification.However,the identification of explosives by these fluorescent probes often needs to be carried out in solution,resulting in a significant limitation of their application.Electrospinning represents a highly effective technique for the fabrication of nanofibers characterized by controllable diameters and uniform morphologies.Fluorescent nanofiber membranes with the advantages of easy portability,good reproducibility and low detection limit were prepared by combining fluorescent probes with electrospinning technology,which effectively broadened the application of fluorescent probes in the detection of explosives.In this paper,the structure of fluorescence sensing units of organic small molecule materials is classified,and the effects of organic small molecule fluorescent nanofiber membrane sensors on common explosives such as trinitrotoluene(TNT),trinitrophenol(TNP),2,4-dinitrotoluene(DNT)and cyclotrimethylene trinitramine(RDX),triacetone triperoxide(TATP),etc.are summarized,give guidance for the design of electrospun fluorescent nanofiber membranes in actual explosives detection,and provide new ideas for the practical application of fluorescent probes in complex environments.

关 键 词：荧光探针 静电纺丝 爆炸物检测 纳米薄膜纤维 

分 类 号：O482.31[理学—固体物理]