海南岛潮滩湿地重金属分布及其源汇分析  

Distribution of heavy metals in tidal flats wetlands aroundHainan Island and analysis of their sources and sinks

作　　者：刘明富 叶思源[2,3] 丁喜桂 袁红明[2,3] 赵广明 魏士平[1] LIU Mingfu;YE Siyuan;DING Xigui;YUAN Hongming;ZHAO Guangming;WEI Shiping(School of Ocean Sciences,China University of Geosciences,Beijing 100083,China;Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Biogeosciences,Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology,China Geological Survey,Qingdao 266071,China;Laboratory for-Marine Geology,Laoshan Laboratory,Qingdao 266061,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(北京)海洋学院,北京100083 [2]中国地质调查局青岛海洋地质研究所滨海湿地生态地质重点实验室,山东青岛266071 [3]崂山实验室海洋地质过程与环境功能实验室,山东青岛266061

出　　处：《海南大学学报(自然科学版)》2024年第4期410-420,共11页Natural Science of Hainan University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金区域发展联合基金重点项目(U22A20558);崂山实验室科技创新项目(LSKJ202204003);国家重点研究发展计划(2016YFE0109600);中国地质调查局项目(DD20221775);自然资源部公益性行业基金项目(201111023);国家林业和草原局应急揭榜挂帅项目(202302)。

摘　　要：为查明海南岛潮滩湿地重金属污染历史,为今后该区污染监测、防控与治理提供基准值,采用地质累计指数法、富集因子法和潜在生态危害指数法对2006年采自海南岛潮滩613个表层沉积物中的7种重金属进行了分析.结果表明:涉及的重金属元素整体上具有相似的地球化学空间分布规律,呈南部向北部增高的态势,自然源、农业源、工业和农业混合源与交通源对海南岛潮滩湿地重金属的贡献率分别为33.62%、18.37%、23.31%和24.71%.研究区整体重金属污染水平较低,但海南岛东南部万宁市小海湾附近污染较为严重,部分元素在局部区域存在超海洋沉积物质量三类标准的现象.将3种方法结合分析发现As和Cd是当地污染最为严重的重金属元素.结合地理探测器研究显示:Hg元素的潜在生态危害程度最大,且分布于潮滩的红树林湿地很有可能是Hg元素的汇.In order to find out the history of the heavy metal pollution in the tidal flats of Hainan Island and pro-vide the basic data for the monitoring,prevention and control of the pollution in the area,in the report,the geo-accumulation index method,the enrichment factor method,and the potential ecological hazard index method were used to analyze the seven heavy metals in 613 surface sediments in the tidal flats of Hainan Island.The re-sults showed that the heavy metals have the similar geochemical spatial distribution patterns,with an increasing trend from the south to the north.The contribution rates of the heavy metals from the natural sources,the agri-cultural sources,the industrial and agricultural mixed sources,and the traffic sources to the tidal flats sediments around Hainan Island is 33.62%,18.37%,23.31%,and 24.71%,respectively.The overall level of the heavy metal pollution in the study area is low.However,the pollution near the small bay of Wanning City in the southeastern in Hainan Island are serious,the concentrations of some elements exceed Class 3 of the marine sed-iment quality in some areas.The combined analysis results of the three methods suggested that As and Cd are the most severely polluted heavy metals locally.Combining the data with Geographic Detector,the analysis re-sults indicated that Hg element has the highest potential ecological hazard degree,and it is very likely that the mangrove wetlands distributed in the tidal flats are the sink for Hg element.

关 键 词：海南岛 潮滩湿地 重金属 污染系数 污染来源 

分 类 号：X825[环境科学与工程—环境工程]