处于分蘖期的常规粳稻秧苗受淹后苗情快速恢复技术研究  

Research on Rapid Recovery Technologies for Conventional Japonica Rice Seedlings in the Tillering Stage after Being Submerged

作　　者：王玉芹 段素梅[2] 冯婷婷 李瑞宁 花浩然 王伟 周爱峰 WANG Yu-qin(Ma’anshan Agriculture and Rural Bureau,Ma’anshan,Anhui243011)

机构地区：[1]马鞍山市农业农村局,安徽马鞍山243011 [2]安徽科技学院,安徽凤阳233100 [3]安徽信福乡田生态农业有限公司,安徽和县238200

出　　处：《园艺与种苗》2024年第12期94-97,共4页Horticulture & Seed

摘　　要：[目的]探究水稻育秧方式、栽培措施以及分蘖期淹没后快速恢复措施的最优综合配套模式。[方法]将5种不同栽培方式的水稻秧苗在分蘖期分别淹没7 d,排水后,再对每种栽培方式的受淹水稻采取不同恢复措施进行秧苗恢复,筛选出对产量影响最小的配套措施。[结果]以下2种综合配套模式能显著恢复产量,大大降低产量损失率。①在“营养土育秧+机插秧”和“硬地旱育微喷灌基质育秧+机插秧”栽培模式下,淹后采取“先喷含有杀菌剂的生长调节剂洗苗,第3天施37.5 kg/hm^(2)尿素,第10天再施75 kg/hm^(2)尿素”的恢复措施;②在“硬地旱育微喷灌基质育秧+机插秧”栽培模式下,淹后采取“先喷清水洗苗,第3天施37.5 kg/hm^(2)尿素,第10天再施75 kg/hm^(2)尿素”的恢复措施。[结论]该研究结果可为易受洪涝灾害地区灾后恢复水稻生产、取得理想产量提供方法和路径。[Objective]To explore the optimal comprehensive model for rice seedling cultivation,cultivation measures,and rapid recovery measures after submergence during tillering stage.[Method]Five different cultivation methods of rice seedlings were submerged for 7 days during the tillering stage,and after drainage,different recovery measures were taken for each cultivation method of flooded rice seedlings to select the matching measures with the least impact on yield.[Result]The following two comprehensive supporting modes could significantly restore production and greatly reduce the rate of production loss.①In the cultivation modes of“nourishing soil for seedling cultivation+machine transplanting”and“hard ground dry cultivation with micro sprinkler irrigation substrate for seedling cultivation+machine transplanting”,the recovery measures after flooding were adopted as“spraying growth regulators containing fungicides to wash seedlings first,applying 37.5 kg/hm^(2) urea on the third day,and then applying 75 kg/hm^(2) urea on the tenth day”.②In the cultivation mode of“hard ground dry cultivation with micro sprinkler irrigation substrate for seedling cultivation+machine transplanting”,the recovery measures after flooding were adopted as“spraying water to wash the seedlings first,applying 37.5 kg/hm^(2) urea on the third day,and then applying 75 kg/hm^(2) urea on the tenth day”.[Conclusion]The research results could provide methods and pathways to restore rice production and achieve ideal yields after disasters in flood prone areas.

关 键 词：粳稻 分蘖期 洪涝灾害 淹涝胁迫 快速恢复技术 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]