某汽配厂噪声作业工人血脂水平与噪声性听力损失的关联性研究  

Association between blood lipid levels and noise-induced hearing loss among workers with noisy operations in an auto parts factory

作　　者：邝雪仪[1] 刘佳文 段丹萍 李珍[1] 张晋蔚 宋慧东 白卢皙[1,3] KUANG Xueyi;LIU Jiawen;DUAN Danping;LI Zhen;ZHANG Jinwei;SONG Huidong;BAI Luxi(Guangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital,Guangzhou Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment Hospital,Guangdong,Guangzhou 510620,China;School of Public Health,Guangzhou Medical University,Guangdong,Guangzhou 511436,China;Faculty of Medicine,Macao University of Science and Technology,Macao 999078,China)

机构地区：[1]广州市第十二人民医院,广东广州510620 [2]广州医科大学公共卫生学院,广东广州511436 [3]澳门科技大学医学院,中国澳门999078

出　　处：《职业卫生与应急救援》2024年第6期740-744,共5页Occupational Health and Emergency Rescue

基　　金：广东省医学科学技术研究基金项目(B2023347);广州市科技计划项目2024年度市校(院)企联合资助项目(2024A03J0505);广州市科技计划项目2023年度市校(院)企联合资助专题(2023A03J0493)。

摘　　要：目的探讨血脂水平与噪声性听力损失之间可能的关联性,为指导噪声作业工人控制血脂水平提供依据。方法采用整群抽样的方法,选取某汽配厂中参加2023年在岗期间职业健康检查的噪声作业人员为研究对象,收集其基本情况、职业性噪声接触及防护情况等信息,对其进行纯音听阈测试和血脂水平检测。采用logistic回归模型对听力异常的影响因素进行多因素分析。结果792名研究对象中,听力异常242人,检出率为30.56%;血脂异常264人,检出率为33.33%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示:相比接触噪声声级合格的工人,接触噪声声级不合格的工人发生听力损失的危险性增加至1.713倍(P<0.05);年龄每增加1岁、三酰甘油(TG)每增加1 mmol/L,工人发生听力损失的危险性分别增加至1.059、1.135倍(均P<0.05)。结论该汽车零部件生产企业工人听力损失的情况较为严重。应采取积极措施,控制岗位噪声水平,敦促工人控制血脂水平,特别是降低血清TG水平。Objective To explore the potential association between blood lipid levels and noise-induced hearing loss(NIHL),providing a basis for guiding noise-exposed workers in controlling their blood lipid levels.Methods Using cluster sampling,noise-exposed workers from an auto parts manufacturing company who participated in the 2023 occupational health examination were selected as subjects.Information regarding their demographics,occupational noise exposure,and protective measures was collected.Pure-tone audiometry tests and blood lipid level measurements were conducted.Logistic regression models were employed to analyze the influencing factors of hearing impairment.Results Among 792 subjects,242 exhibited hearing impairment with an occurrence rate of 30.56%,and 264 exhibited abnormal blood lipid levels with an occurrence rate of 33.33%.Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that compared to workers exposed to qualified noise levels,those exposed to higher-level(above the occupational exposure limit)noise had a 1.713-fold increased risk of hearing loss(P<0.05).For each additional year of age and each 1 mmol/L increase in triglycerides(TG),the risk of hearing loss increased by 1.059 and 1.135 times,respectively(both P<0.05).Conclusions The prevalence of hearing loss among workers in this auto parts manufacturing company was relatively high.Active measures should be taken to control workplace noise levels and encourage workers to manage their blood lipid levels,particularly by reducing serum TG levels.

关 键 词：血脂水平 三酰甘油 噪声性听力损失 汽车零部件 

分 类 号：R135.8[医药卫生—劳动卫生] B845.67[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]