脑力劳动者工作适配与甲状腺自身免疫性异常的相关性研究  

Study on the correlation between worker-occupation fit and thyroid autoimmune abnormalities in mental workers

作　　者：陈玉玲 马景璇 王娟 栗宁 黄磊[2] 兰亚佳 CHEN Yuling;MA Jingxuan;WANG Juan;LI Ning;HUANG Lei;LAN Yajia(West China School of Public Health/West China Fourth Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610041,China;West China College of Clinical Medicine/West China Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院,四川成都610041 [2]四川大学华西临床医学院/四川大学华西医院,四川成都610041

出　　处：《职业卫生与应急救援》2024年第6期745-751,共7页Occupational Health and Emergency Rescue

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(82073521)。

摘　　要：目的探讨工作适配和甲状腺自身免疫性异常的关系,为个人和企业健康管理提供理论依据。方法采用方便抽样的方法,抽取某医院进行健康体检的334名脑力劳动者作为研究对象。采用自行设计的调查问卷收集基本信息,评估其工作适配情况;甲状腺彩超、甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体(thyroid peroxidase antibody,TPO-Ab)和甲状腺球蛋白抗体(thyroglobulin antibody,Tg-Ab)3项指标综合评判甲状腺自身免疫性异常。采用结构方程模型分析工作适配与甲状腺自身免疫性异常的相关性。结果334名研究对象中男性239名(占71.56%),女性95名(占28.44%);工作适配得分(44.46±6.26)分,甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体值(18.27±15.99)IU/mL,甲状腺球蛋白抗体值(49.04±26.72)IU/mL;甲状腺彩超阳性者155名(占46.41%),甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体阳性者27名(占8.08%),甲状腺球蛋白抗体阳性者22名(占6.59%)。结构方程模型拟合良好,甲状腺彩超、TPO-Ab和Tg-Ab对甲状腺自身免疫性异常解释程度较高,主观负荷量对工作适配存在正向相关(β=0.165,P<0.01),工作适配对甲状腺自身免疫性异常存在负向相关(β=-0.149,P<0.05)。结论工作适配情况越佳,出现甲状腺自身免疫性异常的可能性越低。企业管理人员应多加关注劳动者工作适配情况,保护劳动者健康。Objective To investigate the relationship between worker-occupation fit and thyroid autoimmune abnormalities,providing a theoretical basis for personal and corporate health management.Methods Using a convenience sampling method,334 mental workers undergoing health examinations at a hospital were selected as study subjects.A self-designed questionnaire was used to collect basic information and assess their worker-occupation fit.Thyroid autoimmune abnormalities were comprehensively evaluated using three indicators:thyroid ultrasound,thyroid peroxidase antibody(TPO-Ab),and thyroglobulin antibody(Tg-Ab).The correlation between worker-occupation fit and thyroid autoimmune abnormalities was analyzed using a structural equation model.Results Among the 334 study subjects,239 were male(71.56%)and 95 were female(28.44%).The worker-occupation fit score was(44.46±6.26),the thyroid peroxidase antibody level was(18.27±15.99)IU/mL,and the thyroglobulin antibody level was(49.04±26.72)IU/mL.There were155 subjects with positive thyroid ultrasound results(46.41%),27 subjects with positive thyroid peroxidase antibody results(8.08%),and 22 subjects with positive thyroglobulin antibody results(6.59%).The structural equation model fitted well,with thyroid ultrasound,TPO-Ab,and Tg-Ab explaining a high degree of thyroid autoimmune abnormalities.There was a positive correlation between subjective load and worker-occupation fit(β=0.165,P<0.01),and a negative correlation between worker-occupation fit and thyroid autoimmune abnormalities(β=-0.149,P<0.05).Conclusions The better the worker-occupation fit,the lower the likelihood of thyroid autoimmune abnormalities.Corporate managers should pay more attention to workers'worker-occupation fit to protect their health.

关 键 词：工作适配 甲状腺自身免疫 甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体 甲状腺球蛋白抗体 结构方程 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]