醇胺法碳捕集技术的研究进展  

Research progress of carbon capture technology by alcohol amine method

作　　者：魏青 张振涛[2,3] 王瑞祥 张化福 杨俊玲[2,3] 吴宏伟 WEI Qing;ZHANG Zhentao;WANG Ruixiang;ZHANG Huafu;YANG Junling;WU Hongwei(School of Environment and Energy Engineering,Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture;Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences;Key Laboratory of Food&Pharmaceutical Quality Processing Storage and Transportation Equipment and Energy-saving Technology,China National Light Industry;School of Engineering and Computer Science,University of Hertfordshire)

机构地区：[1]北京建筑大学环境与能源工程学院 [2]中国科学院理化技术研究所 [3]中国轻工业食品药品保质加工储运装备与节能技术重点实验室 [4]赫特福德大学工程与计算机科学学院

出　　处：《环境工程技术学报》2025年第1期90-99,共10页Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52206032,21978308);河北省科技重大专项(23291801Z);Science,Technology&Innovation Funding Authority(STIFA)of Egypt(44205)。

摘　　要：燃煤电厂的烟气是CO_(2)长期、稳定、集中的来源,减缓温室效应的最直接有效的手段即从电厂烟气中捕集CO_(2),其中醇胺溶液吸收法是最具潜力、应用最广泛的碳捕集技术,但其存在再生能耗高的缺点。首先介绍了碳捕集技术的工作原理及流程,针对醇胺溶液碳捕集技术,从吸收剂的发展、吸收过程工艺优化、再生过程工艺优化和复合工艺优化等方面综述了目前基于醇胺溶液的碳捕集技术的发展现状。研究表明:未来应注重开发高吸收速率、低再生消耗、低胺耗的新型醇胺吸收剂;在工艺优化方面,吸收/再生过程工艺优化要提高吸收/解吸速率,降低能耗;复合工艺优化要合理耦合多种单一工艺优化方法,以更大程度地降低能耗。The boiler flue gas of coal-fired power plants is a long-term,stable,and concentrated source of CO_(2),and the most direct and effective way to mitigate the greenhouse effect is to capture CO_(2)from the flue gas of power plants.Among them,the absorption method of alcohol amine solution has the most potential and is the most widely used carbon capture technology.However,this method currently has the disadvantage of high regeneration energy consumption.Firstly,the working principles and processes of carbon capture technologies were introduced.Regarding the carbon capture technology based on alcohol amine solution,the current development status of the technology was reviewed,from the aspects of absorbent development,absorption process optimization,desorption process optimization,and composite process optimization.The study suggested that in the future,attention should be paid to developing a new type of alcohol-amine absorbent with a high absorption rate,low regeneration consumption,and low amine consumption.The absorption/desorption rate should be improved in the process optimization,and the system energy consumption should be reduced in the absorption/regeneration process optimization.The composite process optimization should effectively combine various single-process optimization methods to reduce energy consumption to a greater extent.

关 键 词：碳捕集 醇胺吸收剂 化学吸收法 CO_(2)吸收 CO_(2)解吸 

分 类 号：X701[环境科学与工程—环境工程]