生物炭耦合工艺处理含抗生素制药废水研究进展  

Research progress of biochar coupling process for treatment of pharmaceutical wastewater containing antibiotics

作　　者：陈瀚洋 赵颖[2] 康得军[1] 龚斌[2] 薛浩天 李庆旭[2] 郭文珊[3] 黄鹤乔 CHEN Hanyang;ZHAO Ying;KANG Dejun;GONG Bin;XUE Haotian;LI Qingxu;GUO Wenshan;HUANG Heqiao(School of Advanced Manufacturing,Fuzhou University;Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences;School of Civil and Environmental Engineering,University of Technology,Sydney)

机构地区：[1]福州大学先进制造学院 [2]中国环境科学研究院 [3]悉尼科技大学土木与环境工程学院

出　　处：《环境工程技术学报》2025年第1期238-248,共11页Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3702103)。

摘　　要：制药废水具有水质波动大、可生化性差及化学需氧量高等特点,一直是废水处理中的难题。其中的抗生素由于使用量大导致向环境中持续排放,并表现出“伪持久性”滞留的特点,难以从水体中彻底去除。为了实现制药废水的高效处理,分析了制药废水的水质特性以及其中抗生素去除的难点,系统阐述了生物炭的基本特性及其强化污染物去除的原理,总结了常规污水处理工艺在去除抗生素方面存在的问题,梳理并综述了生物炭耦合工艺提升污水处理效果的研究进展。结果显示,生物炭材料的多孔结构、带表面电荷及丰富的特殊表面官能团等特性使其具有良好吸附抗生素的能力,通过与常规污水处理工艺相结合可显著提高对制药废水的处理效果,如生物炭的引入强化了膜生物反应器、活性污泥法、厌氧消化及高级氧化对抗生素的去除效果,同时提高了系统的稳定性,降低了工艺物耗和能耗等。建议进一步开展生物炭制备过程与成炭特性的相关性研究,加强生物炭耦合工艺去除污染物机理的探究,推广其在制药废水处理中的应用,以推动制药废水处理技术的创新和进步。Pharmaceutical wastewater,characterized by large fluctuations in water quality,poor biodegradability and high chemical oxygen demand,has always been a problem in wastewater treatment.The antibiotics in pharmaceutical wastewater are continuously discharged into the environment due to the large amount of use,and show"pseudo-persistent"retention,which is difficult to be completely removed from the water body.In order to achieve efficient treatment of pharmaceutical wastewater,this review summarizes the water quality characteristics of pharmaceutical wastewater and the challenges associated with antibiotic removal.It also systematically explores the properties of biochar and its role in enhancing pollutant removal.The limitations of conventional wastewater treatment processes for removing antibiotics are discussed,including introduction of recent advancements in biochar-coupled treatment processes.The results show that due to its porous structure,surface charge,special surface functional groups and other characteristics,biochar material has good adsorption ability of antibiotics,which can significantly improve the treatment effect of pharmaceutical wastewater by combining with the conventional wastewater treatment process,such as the introduction of biochar strengthened the removal effect of antibiotics by membrane bioreactor,activated sludge,anaerobic digestion and advanced oxidation,and at the same time,it can improve the stability of the system,reduce the process material consumption and energy consumption,and so on.It is recommended to further study the correlation between the preparation process of biochar and the characteristics of carbon formation,to strengthen the investigation of the mechanism of pollutant removal by biochar coupling process,and to popularize its application in pharmaceutical wastewater treatment,so as to promote the innovation and progress of pharmaceutical wastewater treatment technology.

关 键 词：工艺耦合 抗生素 生物炭吸附 生物炭催化氧化 制药废水 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]