氯苯类农药废盐有机残留物热脱除试验  

Experimental study on thermal removal of organic residues from chlorobenzene pesticide waste salt

作　　者：毛威 顾翔宇 郝熔江 马蕊[1] 李松庚[1,2,4] MAO Wei;GU Xiangyu;HAO Rongjiang;MA Rui;LI Songgeng(State Key Laboratory of Mesoscience and Engineering,Institute of Process Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences;Sino-Danish College,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences;Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research;School of Chemical Engineering,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院过程工程研究所,介科学与工程全国重点实验室 [2]中国科学院大学中丹学院 [3]中国丹麦科研教育中心 [4]中国科学院大学化工学院

出　　处：《环境工程技术学报》2025年第1期279-288,共10页Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3901302)。

摘　　要：热处理是一种有潜力的废盐有机污染物脱除技术。针对2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸农药废盐有机残留物,利用重结晶配制模拟废盐的方式,从动力学、有机物转化路径等方面,研究了有机物浓度、有机物组成、无机盐组成、气氛等因素对热处理的影响,并进一步在实验室流化床上研究了反应温度和时间对有机物脱除的影响。结果表明:相比2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸和4-氯苯氧乙酸,钠基取代的2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸钠的分解温度更高;有机物浓度为5%时,有机物脱除表观活化能最低;废盐中氯化钠对有机物热分解有催化作用,而硫酸钠具有更高的反应能垒;废盐有机物热脱除过程涉及有机物的热分解和热挥发,有机物在氮气中易碳化,而在空气中发生碳化和氧化;流化床热脱除试验结果显示,反应温度和气氛是影响有机物脱除效果的主要因素,在600℃空气气氛中,有机物脱除率可达96.79%。Thermal treatment represents a promising technology for removing organic pollutants from waste salt.In view of the organic residues from 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid pesticide waste salts and by using recrystallization to prepare simulated waste salt,the effects of organic concentrations,organic compositions,inorganic salt compositions,and atmospheres on thermal removal of organic substances were investigated from the perspectives of kinetics and organic transformation pathways.The effects of reaction temperature and time on organic removal were also explored via a fluidized bed experiment.The results showed that sodium substituted 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid sodium tended to decompose at higher temperatures than 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid.When the concentration of organic matter was 5%,the apparent activation energy of organic matter removal was the lowest.NaCl in waste salt performed potential catalytic behavior to facilitate the thermal degradation of organics,while Na_(2)SO_(4) revealed a higher reaction energy barrier.Additionally,the thermal removal process of organic matter from waste salt involved the thermal decomposition of organic substances and the volatilization of undecomposed organics.Specifically,organic matter was easily carbonized in nitrogen,while carbonization and oxidation occurred in air.The results of the fluidized bed experiments for thermal removal showed that the reaction temperature and atmosphere were the leading factors influencing the removal performance,with the removal efficiency of organic matter achieving 96.79%at 600℃in air atmosphere.

关 键 词：废盐 热处理 有机污染物 动力学分析 流态化 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]