相分离在心血管疾病中的研究进展  

Research progress on phase separation in cardiovascular diseases

作　　者：项宇坤 曹雪洁 于宝琪 XIANG Yukun;CAO Xuejie;YU Baoqi(Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology,School of Basic Medicine,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China;The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling-related Diseases,Beijing 100069,China;Ministry of Education&Beijing Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disorder Related Cardiovascular Diseases,Beijing 100069,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学基础医学院生理学与病理生理学系,北京市100069 [2]首都医科大学心血管重塑相关疾病教育部重点实验室,北京市100069 [3]首都医科大学代谢紊乱相关心血管疾病北京市重点实验室,北京市100069

出　　处：《中国动脉硬化杂志》2025年第1期9-15,共7页Chinese Journal of Arteriosclerosis

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFC3606500);国家自然科学基金项目(32271231、81870186)。

摘　　要：近年来,越来越多的研究发现相分离在心血管疾病的发生和发展中起到重要作用。相分离是指蛋白质、核酸等生物大分子在一定条件下自发地分离成浓缩相和稀释相的现象。相分离能在细胞内形成特定功能区室,并参与多种细胞生物学功能。相分离的驱动力来源于静电相互作用、疏水相互作用和π-π堆积等多价相互作用。固有无序结构域、低复杂性结构域、折叠域和核酸结合域是常见的驱动相分离的蛋白质区域。该文梳理了近5年来相分离在心力衰竭、心肌纤维化和动脉粥样硬化等心血管疾病中的研究进展。未来的研究应着力于揭示相分离在心血管疾病中的具体机制,并探索相分离作为治疗靶点的潜力。In recent years,more and more studies have found that phase separation plays an important role in the onset and progression of cardiovascular diseases.Phase separation refers to the process in which biological macromolecules,such as proteins and nucleic acids,spontaneously segregate into concentrated and diluted phases under certain conditions.This process creates distinct functional compartments within cells and is involved in various cellular biological functions.The driving forces of phase separation include multivalent interactions such as electrostatic interactions,hydrophobic interactions,andπ-πstacking.Key protein regions that promote phase separation include intrinsically disordered regions,low complexity domains,folded domains,and nucleic acid binding domains.This article reviews recent progress in understanding the role of phase separation in cardiovascular diseases,including heart failure,myocardial fibrosis,and atherosclerosis,with a particular focus on the last five years of research.Future studies should aim to elucidate the specific mechanisms of phase separation in cardiovascular diseases and explore its potential as a therapeutic target.

关 键 词：心血管疾病 相分离 相分离的驱动力 基因表达调控 

分 类 号：R5[医药卫生—内科学]