城市鸟类多样性被动声学监测与评价技术应用  

Applications of passive acoustic monitoring and evaluation in urban bird research

作　　者：郝泽周 张承云[2] 李乐 高丙涛 曾伟 王淳 王梓炫 黄万涛 张悦 裴男才[1] 肖治术[4] Zezhou Hao;Chengyun Zhang;Le Li;Bingtao Gao;Wei Zeng;Chun Wang;Zixuan Wang;Wantao Huang;Yue Zhang;Nancai Pei;Zhishu Xiao(Research Institute of Tropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Guangzhou 510520,China;School of Electronics and Communication Engineering,Guangzhou University,Guangzhou 510006,China;Shenzhen Fairy Lake Botanical Garden,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518004,China;State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents in Agriculture,Institute of Zoology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所,广州510520 [2]广州大学电子与通信工程学院,广州510006 [3]深圳市仙湖植物园,广东深圳518004 [4]中国科学院动物研究所农业虫害鼠害综合治理研究国家重点实验室,北京100101

出　　处：《生物多样性》2024年第10期14-29,共16页Biodiversity Science

基　　金：中国林业科学研究院基本科研业务费专项资助(CAFYBB2023MA016);国家自然科学基金(32201338);深圳市南亚热带植物多样性重点实验室开放基金课题(2022-2024);林业生态监测网络平台运行项目(2023KYXM09)。

摘　　要：在当前城市化快速发展的背景下,监测与评估城市鸟类多样性是城市生态学研究和生物多样性保护的关键技术。被动声学监测(passive acoustic monitoring,PAM)作为一种利用环境声音评估生物多样性的新兴技术,能够提供城市鸟类种群的连续动态信息,为洞察人类活动对生物多样性的影响提供了独特的视角。目前,中国及全球范围内已经开展了许多基于被动声学监测的生物多样性研究案例。然而,监测与评价技术的差异直接影响基于被动声学监测的城市鸟类多样性评估的有效性,制约了城市生物多样性维持机制等科学问题的深入探讨。随着被动声学监测技术的广泛应用,迫切需要制定一套城市鸟类鸣声被动声学监测与评价技术规范,推动声学数据的规范化采集与处理,并构建全国性的城市鸟类声学数据平台,以高质量的大数据推动城市生态学研究和城市生物多样性保护。本文综述了城市环境下基于被动声学监测评估鸟类多样性的研究案例,系统地总结了监测方案和评价技术,梳理了存在的主要问题,并对未来的研究进行了展望,旨在为今后城市鸟类多样性被动声学监测与评价的理论研究、调查方案和技术应用提供参考。Background&Aims:Rapid urbanization has proved the importance of effectively monitoring and evaluating urban bird diversity,making it a crucial area of technique inquiry within urban ecology and biodiversity conservation.Passive acoustic monitoring(PAM),a technique that utilizes the environment to assess biodiversity,provides long-term and continuous data on urban avian population dynamics.This approach offers valuable insights into the influence of human activities on natural habitats.Although PAM technology has been adopted globally for urban biodiversity monitoring and has resulted in extensive acoustic datasets,variations in monitoring and assessment methodologies show significant challenges in effectively evaluating urban avian diversity.Review Results:We synthesize representative cases of urban avian diversity research conducted using PAM technology,focusing on aspects such as spatio-temporal experimental design,recording device parameters,and quantification techniques of acoustic signals.The results indicate that current case studies exhibit general routines in experimental frameworks,parameter selection,and quantification methods.However,variability in monitoring and evaluation technologies,along with their effects on factors such as signal-to-noise ratio and representativeness of sound signals,remains a significant challenge that hinders the application of PAM in urban bird diversity research,yet this issue has not received adequate attention.Therefore,this paper advocates for a comprehensive examination of passive acoustic monitoring and evaluation techniques for urban bird sounds,which would facilitate the creation of eco-acoustic big data and address broader ecological questions.Perspectives:Given the increasing prevalence of PAM applications,there is an urgent need for the development of technical standards for passive acoustic monitoring and evaluation of urban birdsong.Establishing these standards would promote the standardization of sound data collection and analysis,leading to the creation of a co

关 键 词：被动声学监测 城市生态学 鸟类多样性 生态声学 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]