陆地生物声学数据采集设备的进展及展望  

The progress and prospects of terrestrial bioacoustics data acquisition equipment

作　　者：张梓欣 张承云[1] 郝泽周 何凯莹 黄泳桥 肖治术[3] Zixin Zhang;Chengyun Zhang;Zezhou Hao;Kaiying He;Yongqiao Huang;Zhishu Xiao(School of Electronics and Communication Engineering,Guangzhou University,Guangzhou 510006,China;Research Institute of Tropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Guangzhou 510520,China;State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents in Agriculture,Institute of Zoology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]广州大学电子与通信工程学院,广州510006 [2]中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所,广州510520 [3]中国科学院动物研究所农业虫害鼠害综合治理研究国家重点实验室,北京100101

出　　处：《生物多样性》2024年第10期46-56,共11页Biodiversity Science

基　　金：中国林业科学研究院基本科研业务费专项资助(CAFYBB2023MA016);国家自然科学基金(32171520,32201338)。

摘　　要：生物多样性是人类赖以生存和发展的重要基础,生物多样性监测对生物多样性保护至关重要。被动声学监测是近年来迅速发展的一种生物多样性监测技术,通过分析声音特征来获取物种的分布、行为和相互作用等信息。声学数据采集设备是被动声学监测中一个被广泛关注的关键部分。其中,陆地生物声学数据采集设备是用于在陆地环境中记录生物声音信号的工具,它为陆地生物多样性监测和保护提供数据支持。然而,声学数据采集设备种类繁多,性能参数各异,给被动声学监测技术的实际应用带来困扰。本文通过对文献及相关资料的整理,对国内外陆地声学数据采集设备作了系统性总结,对比了国内外设备的发展现状,论述了设备选型需要考虑的关键因素,列举了几个常见的被动声学监测实验方案,并根据不同的设备性能要求提供了几个设备选择方案,提出了设备的应用指引建议。本文旨在为研究人员选择或研发陆地生物声学数据采集设备提供参考,促进陆地生物声学数据采集设备在生物多样性研究和保护中的应用。Aims:Terrestrial bioacoustics data acquisition equipment plays a pivotal role in the study and conservation of terrestrial biodiversity.These devices enable research into the acoustic characteristics of various biological populations and provide insight into species distribution,behavior,and interactions.Our contribution to the literature is bridging the gap in research between the development and application of terrestrial bioacoustics data acquisition equipment in China.We outline the current development status of these devices and identify the critical factors that influence their selection by conducting a comprehensive review of existing literature and resources.Providing a guide for researchers in the selection process and encouraging the broader application of these devices is an important objective for future biodiversity research and conservation initiatives.Method:We employ a systematic literature review to assess the current landscape of terrestrial bioacoustics data acquisition equipment.The review includes scholarly articles,technical reports,and relevant websites to synthesize information on the development of these devices.We identify the key factors considered when selecting bioacoustics equipment such as sensitivity,frequency range,durability,and cost.Additionally,we explore various passive acoustic monitoring experimental approaches being used in the field.Based on these analyses,several equipment selection recommendations are made tailored to meet the diverse needs and performance criteria of various research projects.Results:Our findings indicate a growing interest in the application of terrestrial bioacoustics data acquisition equipment in biodiversity studies.However,there is a need for more comprehensive documentation and understanding of the development and application of these devices.We identify several prominent passive acoustic monitoring experiment schemes effectively used in capturing bioacoustics data.Furthermore,we provide examples of device options well-suited for different researc

关 键 词：陆地生物声学 设备现状 设备选择方案 生物多样性保护 

分 类 号：TN912.3[电子电信—通信与信息系统] Q62[电子电信—信息与通信工程]