表面织构对航空发动机机械密封性能影响的实验研究  

Experimental Study on the Influence of Surface Textures on the Mechanical Seal Performance in Aeroengine

作　　者：王长钊 郝木明[1] 任宝杰 袁俊马 李勇凡 李天照 宋凯亮 WANG Changzhao;HAO Muming;REN Baojie;YUAN Junma;LI Yongfan;LI Tianzhao;SONG Kailiang(College of New Energy,China University of Petroleum(East China),Qingdao Shandong 266580,China;Dongying Hiscien Sealing Technology Co.,Ltd.,Dongying Shandong 257000,China;AECC Hunan Aviation Powerplant Research Institute,Zhuzhou Hunan 412002,China;College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao Shandong 266109,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)新能源学院,山东青岛266580 [2]东营海森密封技术有限责任公司,山东东营257000 [3]中国航发湖南动力机械研究所,湖南株洲412002 [4]青岛农业大学机电工程学院,山东青岛266109

出　　处：《润滑与密封》2025年第1期61-67,共7页Lubrication Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51975585)。

摘　　要：滑油系统是保障航空发动机稳定运行的重要组成部分,因此滑油系统机械密封性能至关重要。以航空发动机滑油系统机械密封为研究对象,采用实验的方法,研究3种常用槽型(激光脸、人字槽、螺旋槽)对密封性能的影响,并分析不同槽型端面磨损表面轮廓和端面温度。实验结果表明:端面开槽有利于减少密封端面摩擦磨损,延长密封使用寿命,但不利于控制密封泄漏量;3种槽型中,人字槽表面磨损最轻微,运行温度最低,相比接触式密封温度降低3℃;螺旋槽磨损位置较为集中,有明显端面变形,运行温度最高,运行温度相比接触式密封升高5℃;激光脸槽磨损最大,但运行温度与接触式密封相差不大;螺旋槽泄漏量最小,激光脸槽泄漏量次之,人字槽泄漏量最大,且大于接触式密封泄漏量。The lubrication system is a crucial component in ensuring the stable operation of aeroengines,making the mechanical seal performance of oil pumps critical.Focusing on the mechanical seals of aeroengine oil pumps,the effects of three common groove types(laser face groove,herringbone groove,spiral groove) on sealing performance were studied using experimental methods.The wear surface profiles and end-face temperatures of the mechanical seals with different groove types were analyzed.Results show that end face groove grinding contributes to reduce the friction and wear of sealing surface,and extend seal service life,however it is not conducive to controlling the leakage of the seal.Among the three groove types,herringbone groove demonstrate minimal surface wear and the lowest operating temperature,and the operating temperature is 3 ℃ lower than that of contact seal.Spiral groove exhibits more severe wear marks,localized wear,and notable deformation on the end face,the operating temperature is 5 ℃ higher than that of contact seal.Laser face groove experiences the greatest wear,but operating temperature is not significantly different from the contact seal.The spiral groove has the smallest leakage,followed by the laser face groove,and the herringbone groove has the largest leakage,which is greater than the contact seal leakage.

关 键 词：机械密封 航空发动机 表面织构 螺旋槽 密封性能 

分 类 号：TH117[机械工程—机械设计及理论] U464[机械工程—车辆工程]