Fear effect exerted by carnivore in grassland ecosystem  

作　　者：Pingping Cong Meng Fan Xingfu Zou 

机构地区：[1]School of Mathematics and Statistics Northeast Normal University 5268 Renmin Street,Changchun Jilin 130024,P.R.China [2]Department of Applied Mathematics University of Western Ontario London,ON N6A 5B7,Canada

出　　处：《International Journal of Biomathematics》2024年第6期177-209,共33页生物数学学报(英文版)

基　　金：Pingping Cong is funded by the China Scholarship Council(No.202106620028);Meng Fan is funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12071068);Xingfu Zou is funded by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada(No.RGPIN-2022-04744).

摘　　要：A four-dimensional mathematical model is formulated to explore the fear effect exerted by large carnivore in the grassland ecosystem.The model depicts the interactions among herbage,domestic herbivore,wild herbivore and large carnivore,which incorporates both direct predation and anti-predator mechanisms.The dynamic properties of the model are analytically investigated,including the dissipativity of solutions,and the existence and stability of different equilibria.Some numerical simulations are also presented to exhibit rich dynamical behaviors,such as various types of bistabilities,periodic oscillation and chaotic oscillation.The study reveals that the appropriate level of fear factors can stabilize the system and increase the density of herbage and domestic herbivore.The fear effect plays an important role in maintaining the balance of the grassland ecosystem and promoting the economy of human society.

关 键 词：Fear effect grassland ecosystem food chain model BIFURCATION chaotic dynamics 

分 类 号：O17[理学—数学]