军事改革与权力争夺:戊戌己亥年间盛宣怀的练兵计划  

The Military Reform and Struggle for Power:Sheng Xuanhuai and His Troop Training Program,1898-1899

作　　者：吉辰 JI Chen

机构地区：[1]中山大学历史学系(珠海),519082

出　　处：《史林》2024年第6期115-128,216,共15页Historical Review

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目“宇都宫太郎旧藏涉华资料的整理与研究”(21CSS033)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：光绪二十四年初,盛宣怀委托日本军官神尾光臣制订了一份内容详尽的《拟定整顿军制节略》,计划仿照日本军制,对清朝陆军进行全面改革,并完全由日本教习主导。光绪二十四年七月,盛宣怀在这一计划的基础上进京奏请练兵,其后又先后试图委托英国政客贝思福“整顿中国陆军”、请派李鸿章“督练南省新兵”以及设立“中国将领学堂”,并于光绪二十五年九月再次进京奏请练兵。由于清廷当时对筹饷更感兴趣,盛宣怀此后的精力转向这一方面,练兵淡出了他的视野。盛宣怀的这一系列练兵计划,表面上反映了清政府对军事改革的需求,背后则有着中外各方争夺权力的企图。The present paper, making an analysis of the troop training program proposed by Sheng Xuanhuai, a financier, who first asked Kamio Mitsuomi, a Japanese military officer, to make a plan rehabilitating the Qing army and then invited Charles Beresford, a politician from the British empire, to reorganize the Chinee troop, suggests that Sheng's program reflected the Qing government's desperate need to reform the army and at the same time it revealed a power struggle involving various Chinese and foreign forces.

关 键 词：盛宣怀 练兵计划 日本 军事改革 权力争夺 

分 类 号：K256[历史地理—历史学]