老年胃癌病人营养风险和日常生活活动能力在衰弱与跌倒风险间的链式中介效应  

Chain mediating effect of nutritional risk and activity of daily living between frailty and fall risks in elderly patients with gastric cancer

作　　者：张玉姣 雷奕 蓝江玲 张仕珍 朱茵 ZHANG Yujiao;LEI Yi;LAN Jiangling;ZHANG Shizhen;ZHU Yin(Guangxi Medical University,Guangxi 530021 China)

机构地区：[1]广西医科大学,530021

出　　处：《全科护理》2025年第3期397-401,共5页Chinese General Practice Nursing

基　　金：广西高等教育本科教学改革项目,编号:2023JGA156;广西医科大学学位与研究生教育改革项目,编号:桂医大研〔2023〕23号;医健公益行‐医院管理专项项目,编号:ZGC‐YXKY‐51。

摘　　要：目的:探讨营养风险和日常生活活动能力在老年胃癌病人衰弱和跌倒风险间的链式中介效应。方法:采用衰弱表型量表(FP)、Morse跌倒评估量表(MFS)、简易营养评估量表(MNA‐SF)以及日常生活活动能力量表(ADL)对235例老年胃癌病人进行调查。结果:本研究共纳入235例病人,其中衰弱病人76例,发生率为32.3%;不同年龄、职业、学历以及合并疾病老年胃癌病人的衰弱得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Pearson相关分析结果显示,衰弱与跌倒风险呈正相关,营养风险与日常生活活动能力也呈正相关;衰弱和跌倒风险均与营养风险和日常生活活动能力呈负相关。中介效应检验结果显示,营养风险和日常生活活动能力在衰弱和跌倒风险之间的链式中介效应成立,总间接效应为52.1%。结论:营养风险和日常生活活动能力在衰弱和跌倒风险之间具有链式中介作用,可以通过改善营养状况、日常生活活动能力以及跌倒风险来减缓衰弱的发生,为推测衰弱的发生提供参考依据。Objective:To explore the chain mediating effect of nutritional risk and daily living activities between frailty and fall risks in elderly patients with gastric cancer.Methods:A total of 235 elderly patients with gastric cancer were surveyed using the Frailty Phenotype(FP),Morse Falls Scale(MFS),Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form(MNA-SF),and Activities of Daily Living(ADL).Results:A total of 235 patients were included in this study,including 76 patients with asthenia,the incidence was 32.3%.There were statistically significant differences in age,occupation,educational background and complicated diseases among elderly gastric cancer patients with different degrees of weakness(P<0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that frailty was positively correlated with fall risk,and nutritional risk was also positively correlated with activities of daily living.Both frailty and fall risks were inversely associated with nutritional risk and activities of daily living.The results of mediating effect test showed that the chain mediating effect between nutritional risk and activity of daily living was established,and the total indirect effect was 52.1%.Conclusions:Nutritional risk and activity of daily living have a chain mediating effect between frailty and fall risk,and the occurrence of frailty can be slowed down by improving nutritional status,activity of daily living and fall risk,which provides reference for predicting the occurrence of frailty.

关 键 词：老年 胃癌 衰弱 跌倒风险 营养风险 日常生活活动能力 链式中介 

分 类 号：R473.73[医药卫生—护理学]