聚合物基吸波导热复合材料的研究进展  

Research progress of polymer-based wave-absorbing and heat-conducting composites

作　　者：张德印 路天宇[1,2] 张嘉迅 吴奕霄 吴昊阳 贾宝瑞 何新波 秦明礼 曲选辉[1] ZHANG Deyin;LU Tianyu;ZHANG Jiaxun;WU Yixiao;WU Haoyang;JIA Baorui;HE Xinbo;QIN Mingli;QU Xuanhui(Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;Shunde Innovation School,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Foshan 528399,China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学新材料技术研究院,北京100083 [2]北京科技大学顺德创新学院,佛山528399

出　　处：《复合材料学报》2024年第12期6308-6322,共15页Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52401033);中央高校基本科研业务费(FRF-IDRY-22-030)。

摘　　要：针对5G或6G通信设备、超级计算机、无线能量传输装置、AI智能、量子储存、VR技术和微波医疗器等精密电子设备朝着小型化和高度集成化发展所带来的电磁兼容和散热两大问题,研制兼具良好的绝缘性、缓震性、高效吸波性能以及优良导热能力的柔性吸波导热复合材料非常必要。本文从单一的电磁波吸收功能复合材料和散热性能复合材料的设计制备出发,归纳了电磁波吸波机制与导热机制以及影响吸波和导热性能的重要因素。在此基础上介绍了一些国内外聚合物基吸波导热复合材料的综合性能及其设计制备方法,在总结现有吸波导热多功能复合材料的研究现状和存在问题的基础上,考虑当前设计研发中存在的不足,提出了对于未来聚合物基吸波导热材料的发展方向的思考。此文旨在为制备高性能吸波导热复合材料材料提供思路,提升行业技术水平,开发出兼具高导热和优异电磁波吸收能力的新型复合材料。Because of the two major problems of electromagnetic compatibility and heat dissipation brought about by the development of 5G or 6G communication devices,supercomputers,wireless energy transmission devices,AI intelligence,quantum storage,VR technology,and microwave medical devices and other precision electronic devices toward miniaturization and high integration,it is essential to develop flexible wave-absorbing and heatconducting composites with both good insulating properties,vibration damping,high efficiency wave-absorbing properties,and excellent heat-conducting capabilities.In this paper,from the design and preparation of single electromagnetic wave absorbing composites and heat dissipating composites,the electromagnetic wave absorbing mechanism and thermal conductivity mechanism as well as the important factors affecting the wave absorbing and thermal conductivity performance are summarized.On this basis,the comprehensive performance of some domestic and foreign polymer-based wave-absorbing and heat-conducting composites and their design and preparation methods are introduced,and based on summarizing the current research status of existing wave-absorbing and heat-conducting multifunctional composites and the existing problems,and taking into consideration of the shortcomings in the current research and development of the current design,insights into the direction of the development of the polymer-based wave-absorbing and heat-conducting materials in the future are proposed.Through this study,we aim to provide a reference for the preparation of high-performance wave-absorbing and heat-conducting composite materials,improve the technical level of the industry,and develop new composite materials with both high thermal conductivity and excellent electromagnetic wave absorption ability.

关 键 词：吸波导热复合材料 反射损耗 热导率 微波吸收 聚合物复合材料 多功能性 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]