基于我国光纤骨干网络的相对论重力测量模拟  

A simulation on relativistic gravimetry by using optical fiber backbone network in China

作　　者：安树伟 冯伟[1,2] 穆庆禄[3] 杨萌 王长青 钟敏[1,2] AN ShuWei;FENG Wei;MU QingLu;YANG Meng;WANG ChangQing;ZHONG Min(School of Geospatial Engineering and Science,Sun Yat-sen University,Zhuhai Guangdong 519082,China;Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Observation of Polar Environment(Sun Yat-sen University),Ministry of Education,Zhuhai Guangdong 519082,China;School of Marine Technology and Geomatics,Jiangsu Ocean University,Lianyungang Jiangsu 222005,China;State Key Laboratory of Precision Geodesy,Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430071,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学测绘科学与技术学院,广东珠海519082 [2]极地环境立体观测与应用教育部重点实验室(中山大学),广东珠海519082 [3]江苏海洋大学海洋技术与测绘学院,江苏连云港222005 [4]精密大地测量与定位全国重点实验室,中国科学院精密测量科学与技术创新研究院,武汉430071

出　　处：《地球物理学报》2025年第2期431-443,共13页Chinese Journal of Geophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42061134010);中山大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项(22lgqb09,23xkjc012)资助

摘　　要：近年来,随着国内外时频传递技术的快速发展和原子钟测量精度的不断提高,基于相对论原理的重力测量正逐步从理论研究走向实际应用.本文综合考虑国内外多家机构的光学原子钟精度水平,开展基于我国光纤骨干网络的相对论重力测量模拟实验,同时讨论了潮汐作用以及单、双向时频传递方式下的多链路观测对其精度的影响.实验结果表明,基于中国科学院精密测量科学与技术创新研究院^(40)Ca^(+)光钟和我国光纤链路,采用相对论重力测量的方法,有望实现精度为8.1mm的上千公里海拔高程传递.本文引入间接平差原理,建立基于相对论重力测量的光纤网间接平差函数模型.当采用单向时频传递方式时,经光纤网间接平差前后,11个站点高程测定的总体精度从21.0 mm提高至9.0mm.当采用双向时频传递方式时,光纤网间接平差前,11个站点的高程测定总体精度为11.5mm,相对于采用单向时频传递方式提高约45%;经光纤网间接平差后进一步提升至8.9mm,与采用单向时频传递方式的精度相当.本文的研究基于真实的光钟以及光纤链路稳定度指标,为后续开展基于我国光纤骨干网络的相对论重力测量实验提供一定参考,为建立与维护我国毫米级高程基准提供了新的思路.With the rapid development of time-frequency transfer technology and the continuous improvement of atomic clock measurement accuracy in recent years,relativistic gravimetry is gradually moving from theoretical research to practical application.Based on the Chinese optical fiber backbone network,this paper comprehensively considers the accuracy level of optical atomic clocks from many institutes to carry out a relativistic gravimetry simulation experiment.At the same time,the effects of tide and multi-link observation in single-way time-frequency transfer(SWTFT)and two-way time-frequency transfer(TWTFT)is discussed.The experimental results show that based on the relativistic gravimetry method and the ^(40)Ca^(+) optical clock from the Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology(APM),Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)and Chinese optical fiber links,it is expected to achieve an accuracy of 8.1 mm for height determination spanning over a thousand kilometers.Moreover,this paper establishes an indirect adjustment function model of optical fiber network based on relativistic gravity measurement.Based on SWTFT,the overall accuracy of the height measurement of 11 stations is improved from 21.0 mm to 9.0 mm after the indirect adjustment applied to the optical fiber network.When the TWTFT is used,the overall height measurement accuracy is 11.5 mm before the indirect adjustment,which is about 45%higher than SWTFT.After the indirect adjustment through the optical fiber network,it was further improved to 8.9 mm,which is on the same level of accuracy based on SWTFT.Based on real optical clocks and fiber link stability indicators,our simulation provides a reference for relativistic gravimetry experiments based on the Chinese optical fiber backbone network in the near future,and also pave the way for establishing and maintaining mm-level height datum in China.

关 键 词：广义相对论 重力测量 高程基准 光纤时频传递 光纤网间接平差 

分 类 号：P223[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]