车载变压吸附制氧工艺参数的优化研究  

Optimization study of process parameters for onboard pressure swing adsorption oxygen generation

作　　者：王永国 赵力生 张全立 李烨 杨雄[2,6] 孙宁起 李子宜 刘应书[3,4,5,6] WANG Yongguo;ZHAO Lisheng;ZHANG Quanli;LI Ye;YANG Xiong;SUN Ningqi;LI Ziyi;LIU Yingshu(The Second Engineering Company CREGC,Chengdu 610031,China;Introduction of the Institute of Gas Separation Engineering(IGSE),School of University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory,Dongguan 523808,China;Institute of Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;Sinosmart Ecogas Tech.Co.,Ltd.,Dongguan 523808,China;Key Laboratory of Plateau Oxygen Production and Supply and Human Settlements in Xizang Autonomous Region,Lhasa 850000,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁二局第二工程有限公司,四川成都610031 [2]北京科技大学气体分离工程研究所,北京100083 [3]松山湖材料实验室,广东东莞523808 [4]中科院物理研究所,北京100190 [5]中科汇智(东莞)设备科技有限公司,广东东莞523808 [6]西藏自治区高原制供氧与人居环境重点实验室,西藏自治区拉萨850000

出　　处：《医用气体工程》2024年第6期9-14,共6页Medical Gases Engineering

基　　金：编号:XZ202401YD0004,课题名称:智能化低能耗高原家居制氧供氧关键技术及装备研发;编号:2022YFC2403703,课题名称:高原PSA/M耦合制氧工艺与氧浓度及流量高精度一体检测器研发;编号:2022YFC2403702,课题名称:氮氧分子强辨识分离材料及分子筛膜组件研制;编号:2022YFC3005803,课题名称:多能源驱动模块化制氧供氧关键技术及装备。

摘　　要：我国西部高原地区海拔高,氧分压低,不仅影响高原人群的身心健康,还严重影响了高原车辆的机动性能,进而导致西藏地区经济的缓慢发展。高原人群通过吸氧可以保证身心健康,同样,高原车辆发动机通过供氧可以保证燃油的完全燃烧,提高车辆在高原的机动性能。因此,研发车载制氧技术具有重要的实际应用意义。本文设计了两塔变压吸附(PSA)制氧工艺以支持车载型制氧装置的研究,采用锂型分子筛研究吸附时间、均压时间、均压方式、产品气流量对制氧性能的影响。结果表明:有均压步骤的制氧工艺要比无均压步骤的制氧工艺更有利于分子筛吸附氮气。本文设计的五种均压方式都能提高制氧效果,其大小排序为:先上均压再上下同时均压>上下同时均压>先下均压再上下同时均压>上均压>下均压;随吸附时间的增加,氧浓度先升高后降低,存在一个最佳的吸附时间,而氧回收率不断升高;随均压时间的增加,氧浓度也是先升高后降低,存在一个最佳的均压时间,而氧回收率不断升高;随产品气流量增加,氧浓度降低,氧回收率升高。在最佳工艺参数下,制氧装置的产氧性能达到最优,产品气流量最高可达2.5 L/min,氧浓度最高可达93.48%。The high altitude and low partial pressure of oxygen in the western plateau of China not only affect the physical and mental health of the plateau population,but also seriously impair the mobility performance of vehicles on the plateau,thereby leading to the slow economic development in Tibet.The plateau population can ensure their physical and mental health by inhaling oxygen,and similarly,the engines of plateau vehicles can ensure complete fuel combustion and improve vehicle mobility at high altitudes by supplying oxygen.Therefore,the development of onboard oxygen generation technology is of significant practical importance.This study designs a two-tower pressure swing adsorption(PSA)oxygen generation process to support the research on onboard oxygen generation devices.Lithium molecular sieves are used to study the effects of adsorption time,pressure equalization time,pressure equalization methods,and product gas flow rate on oxygen generation performance.The results show that the oxygen generation processes with pressure equalization steps are more favorable for nitrogen adsorption by molecular sieves compared to those without pressure equalization steps.The five pressure equalization methods designed in this study all improve oxygen generation performance,with the ranking of effectiveness as follows:first upper pressure equalization then simultaneous upper and lower pressure equalization>simultaneous upper and lower pressure equalization>first lower pressure equalization then simultaneous upper and lower pressure equalization>upper pressure equalization>lower pressure equalization.As adsorption time increases,oxygen concentration first rises and then decreases,with an optimal adsorption time existing,while oxygen recovery rate continues to increase.Similarly,as pressure equalization time increases,oxygen concentration first rises and then decreases,with an optimal pressure equalization time existing,while oxygen recovery rate continues to increase.With an increase in product gas flow rate,oxygen concentration

关 键 词：高原 车载 制氧 变压吸附 流量 氧浓度 

分 类 号：TQ116[化学工程—无机化工]