ICP-MS测定土壤和沉积物中重金属的不同前处理方法对比研究  

Comparative Study on Different Pretreatment Methods for Determination of Heavy Metals in Soil and Sediments by ICP-MS

作　　者：张义春 ZHANG Yi-chun(Fujian Yizhun Testing Technology Co.,Ltd.,Xiamen 361021,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省益准检测技术有限公司,福建厦门361021

出　　处：《化学试剂》2025年第2期67-72,共6页Chemical Reagents

摘　　要：为了探究不同的土壤样品前处理方法对土壤重金属分析结果的影响,对比了敞开酸消解法和微波消解法在电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定土壤和沉积物中Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr、Co、Ni 6种重金属的应用效果。实验结果证实了微波消解法在灵敏度、准确性及精密度方面均显著优于敞开酸消解法。相比于敞开酸消解法,微波消解法对于Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr、Co和Ni的检出限更低,回收率更接近认定值,土壤标准物质GBW07404和GBW07408中Cr的回收率从敞开酸消解法的86.4%和89.2%提升至101.2%和98.5%。精密度方面,微波消解法的相对标准偏差(Relative standard deviation,RSD)普遍较低。土壤样品中Cu的RSD范围从敞开酸消解法的2.2%~3.7%降低到微波消解法的1.4%~2.2%。通过实际样品分析,进一步证实了微波消解法的优越性。The effects of different pretreatment methods on the analysis of heavy metals in soil samples were explored.The application effects of the open acid digestion method and the microwave digestion method in the determination of Cu,Pb,Zn,Cr,Co,and Ni in soil and sediment by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry were compared.The results confirmed that the microwave digestion method was significantly superior to the open acid digestion method in terms of sensitivity,accuracy,and precision.Compared with the open acid digestion method,the microwave digestion method had lower detection limits for Cu,Pb,Zn,Cr,Co,and Ni,and the recoveries were closer to the certified values.The recoveries of Cr in soil standard substance GBW07404 and GBW07408 increased from 86.4%and 89.2%with the open acid digestion method to 101.2%and 98.5%with the microwave digestion method,respectively.In terms of precision,the relative standard deviation(RSD)of the microwave digestion method were generally low.The RSD range of Cu in soil samples decreased from 2.2%~3.7%with the open acid digestion method to 1.4%~2.2%with the microwave digestion method.The analysis of actual samples further confirmed the advantages of the microwave digestion method.

关 键 词：电感耦合等离子体质谱法 微波消解 敞开酸消解 重金属测定 样品前处理 

分 类 号：O657.3[理学—分析化学]