家蚕微孢子虫基因组研究20年评述  

A Review for the 20th Anniversary for Nosema bombycis Genome Project

作　　者：吕青 马振刚[3] 党晓群[3] 陈洁[1,2] 潘国庆[1,2] 周泽扬[1,2,3] LYU Qing;MA Zhengang;DANG Xiaoqun;CHEN Jie;PAN Guoqing;ZHOU Zeyang(State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;Chongqing Key Laboratory of Microsporidia Infection and Control,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;College of Life Sciences,Chongqing Normal University,Chongqing 400047,China)

机构地区：[1]资源昆虫高效养殖与利用全国重点实验室(西南大学),重庆400715 [2]西南大学微孢子虫感染与防控重庆市重点实验室,重庆400715 [3]重庆师范大学生命科学学院,重庆400047

出　　处：《蚕学通讯》2024年第4期7-23,共17页Newsletter of Sericultural Science

基　　金：重庆市自然科学基金创新群体项目(cstc2021jcyj-cxtt0005);重庆市现代农业产业技术体系蚕桑创新团队资助项目(CQMAITS202411)。

摘　　要：家蚕微孢子虫感染家蚕引发的家蚕微粒子病,对蚕业生产威胁巨大,是蚕种生产的唯一法定检疫对象。截至21世纪初,家蚕微粒子病的基础研究仍然相对薄弱,分子数据匮乏,严重制约了家蚕微粒子病研究的整体推进。自2003年家蚕微孢子虫基因组计划实施以来,家蚕微孢子虫研究进入基因组学时代。本文系统总结了家蚕微孢子虫基因组学计划启动至今20年取得的成果、拓展的新研究方向以及对国内外该领域研究产生的重要影响。家蚕微孢子虫基因组计划及后续的功能基因组学研究在微孢子虫基因组进化、侵染分子基础、垂直传播机制、检测防控等方面取得了一系列重要成果,奠定了我国在昆虫微孢子虫研究领域的优势地位,同时也促进了我国微孢子虫研究由昆虫微孢子虫向水产微孢子虫和人兽共患微孢子虫领域拓展,使我国的微孢子虫研究在国际上成为一支不可或缺的主力军。Silkworm pébrine,caused by Nosema bombycis,severely threatens silkworm feeding industry and is the only legally mandated quarantine object for silkworm egg production.At the beginning of the 21st century,the basic research on pébrine was relatively weak with a lack of molecular data,which significantly hindered the overall advancement of research on this disease.Since the implementation of N.bombycis genome project(NbGP)in 2003,N.bombycis study has entered the genomics era.This article systematically summarizes the achievements made over the past 20 years since the initiation of NbGP,the new research directions established and the impact on domestic and international studies.NbGP and subsequent functional genomics research have yielded significant results in various aspects,such as microsporidian genome evolution,molecular basis of infection,vertical transmission mechanisms,detection and control.These findings have established China's advantageous position in insect microsporidian research and promoted the expansion of Chinese microsporidian research from insect microsporidia to aquatic microsporidia and zoonotic microsporidia fields.China has become an indispensable force in international microsporidian research.

关 键 词：家蚕微孢子虫 微孢子虫 基因组 致病机制 检测技术 抗性育种 

分 类 号：S43[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]