2006-2023年中国恙虫病流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological study of scrub typhus in China, 2006−2023

作　　者：张云飞 张倩 韩玲 师悦 耿梦杰[3] 滕中秋[1] 阚飙[1] 牟笛[3] 秦天[1] Zhang Yunfei;Zhang Qian;Han Ling;Shi Yue;Geng Mengjie;Teng Zhongqiu;Kan Biao;Mu Di;Qin Tian(National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases,National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102206,China;China National Biotec Group Company Limited,Beijing 100029,China;National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制所,传染病溯源预警与智能决策国家重点实验室,北京102206 [2]中国生物技术股份有限公司,北京100029 [3]中国疾病预防控制中心,传染病溯源预警与智能决策国家重点实验室,北京102206

出　　处：《疾病监测》2024年第12期1629-1634,共6页Disease Surveillance

基　　金：传染病溯源预警与智能决策创新综合能力支撑(No.102393240020020000004)。

摘　　要：目的 分析我国2006—2023年恙虫病流行病学特征,为制定恙虫病防控策略提供依据。方法 通过我国法定传染病报告信息系统收集2006—2023年恙虫病病例信息,采用描述流行病学和ArcGIS 10.8、R3.6.0软件分析我国恙虫病的流行和时空分布特征。结果 2006—2023年我国累计报告恙虫病病例283 273例,报告恙虫病死亡病例103例,年均发病率为1.14/10万,年发病率由2006年的0.10/10万上升至2023年的2.37/10万。发病县(区)从2006年的226个扩增至1 150个。报告发病数前5位依次为云南省(84 795例)、广东省(70 013例)、广西壮族自治区(30 147例)、安徽省(20 492例)、江苏省(16 760例),占全国发病总数的78.44%。地区分布显示,2006—2009年恙虫病疫情主要集中在我国北纬31°以南的地区,2010年以后,恙虫病的高发县(区)数量和范围逐年增多,疫情明显向北、向西扩散。恙虫病病例主要集中在6—11月(88.45%),季节指数图显示,病例呈现7—8月和10月两个高峰。病例女性多于男性,以农民为主(76.11%),年龄集中在40~岁组,≥60岁年龄组病例构成比由2006年的22.83%上升至2023年的37.90%。结论 我国恙虫病发病率呈现快速增长趋势,高发县(区)数量和范围逐年增多,疫情明显向北、向西扩散,中老年农民为高危人群,应加强对重点地区和人群,特别是中老年农民的病例监测和健康教育,提高居民恙虫病防治知识的知晓率,以降低恙虫病的疾病负担。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of scrub typhus in China from 2006 to 2023,so as to provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of scrub typhus.Methods The data on scrub typhus from 2006 to 2023 was obtained from China's National Notifiable Infectious Disease Reporting Information System,and the spatiotemporal distribution,seasonal pattern and demographic features of cases were analyzed.Results A total of 283273cases and 103 deaths were recorded.The average annual incidence was 1.14 cases/100000 population during 2006−2023.The annual incidence increased sharply from 0.10/100000 population in 2006 to 2.37/100000 population in 2023.The number of affected counties or districts increased from 226 in 2006 to 1150 in 2023.The top five provinces by reported cases were Yunnan province(84795),Guangdong province(70013),Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region(30147),Anhui province(20492)and Jiangsu province(16760),which accounted for 78.44%of total cases of scrub typhus.The disease,historically endemic to southern China in 2006−2009,has expanded to all the provinces,especially in northernmost and western of China.The cases of scrub typhus occurs frequently from June to November(88.45%).The seasonal index was the highest in October(2.5)followed by July-August.Females(52.90%),farmers(76.11%)and aged 40-59 years(39.98%)were the main affected groups,and the proportion of cases aged 60 and above increased from 22.83%in 2006 to 37.90%in 2023.Conclusion The incidence rates of scrub typhus increased in an unprecedented trend in China and the geographic distribution document an expansion throughout the country,especially in northernmost and western of China.The main vulnerable groups are middle-aged and elderly farmers.The changes of epidemiological characteristics highlight the need to adjust and enhance current disease prevention and control strategies.It is necessary to strengthen the surveillance and promote health education in people living in epidemic areas of China,especially elderly peopl

关 键 词：恙虫病 恙虫病东方体 流行病学特征 

分 类 号：R211[医药卫生—中医学] R376.2