城市固体废物耦合污泥及造纸废渣焚烧的灰渣特性研究  

Study on fly ash and slag characteristics of municipal solid waste coupled sludge and papermaking waste incineration

作　　者：王月[1] 程强[1] 罗自学[1] WANG Yue;CHENG Qiang;LUO Zixue(State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion and Low Carbon Utilisation,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,Hubei China)

机构地区：[1]煤燃烧与低碳利用全国重点实验室(华中科技大学),湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《电力科技与环保》2025年第1期86-95,共10页Electric Power Technology and Environmental Protection

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC1904003)。

摘　　要：为了解城市生活固体废物焚烧过程中主要元素的迁移分布规律,分析焚烧炉运行过程中出现结渣现象的原因,并考察掺烧污泥和造纸废渣可能对灰渣特性造成的影响,本研究对焚烧炉中底渣和沿烟气流程各处飞灰的元素组成、物相组成以及微观形貌进行分析。结果表明:低挥发性元素Si、Al、Fe主要以氧化物的形式存在于底渣中,其含量分别为16.64%、4.26%、4.08%,沿烟气流向在飞灰中含量逐渐降低,布袋除尘器飞灰中其含量分别为1.15%、0.37%、0.31%;高挥发性元素Na、K、Cl在布袋除尘飞灰中的含量分别高出底渣5.53%、4.73%、23.74%,其主要以NaCl、KCl蒸汽的形式进入烟气中,并随着温度的降低逐渐冷凝到受热面和飞灰表面,沿着烟气流向,在飞灰中质量分数逐渐增加,分别从2.66 wt%升至8.19 wt%,1.77 wt%升至6.50 wt%,2.44 wt%升至26.18 wt%;底渣中NaAlSi_(3)O_(8)、KAlSi_(3)O_(8)、Ca_(2)Al_(2)SiO_(7)可能导致炉排发生结渣熔融现象,此外,二三烟道飞灰含有的CaSO_(4)、Ca_(2)Al_(2)SiO_(7)和水平烟道飞灰中的NaCl、KCl、CaSO_(4)容易导致受热面发生结渣现象;掺烧污泥和造纸废渣不会对底渣和飞灰的物相组成造成大的改变,但是高温过热器和反应塔飞灰NaCl、KCl、CaSO_(4)含量增加,可能加重烟道内结渣和腐蚀现象。In order to understand the migration and distribution of major elements in the incineration of municipal solid waste,the causes of slagging during incinerator operation,and the possible effects on the ash characteristics after blending with sludge and papermaking waste.This study analyses the elemental composition,physical phase composition and micro-morphology of the slag and fly ash at various locations along the flue gas flow of the incinerator.The results show that low volatile elements Si,Al,Fe mainly in the form of oxides in the bottom slag,the content of which is 16.64%,4.26%,4.08%,respectively,along the flue gas flow in the fly ash content gradually decreases,and the bag filter fly ash in the content of which is 1.15%,0.37%,0.31%,respectively.The high volatile elements Na,K,Cl in bag filter fly ash in the The content of Na,K,Cl in the bag filter fly ash is higher than the bottom slag 5.53%,4.73%,23.74%,and these three elements mainly enter the flue gas in the form of NaCl and KCl vapors.NaAlSi_(3)O_(8),KAlSi_(3)O_(8),Ca_(2)Al_(2)SiO_(7)in the bottom slag may lead to the occurrence of slagging and melting phenomenon in the grate,in addition,the CaSO_(4),Ca_(2)Al_(2)SiO_(7)contained in the fly ash of the second and third flue and the NaCl,KCl,CaSO_(4)in the fly ash of the horizontal flue are prone to lead to slagging phenomenon in the heated surface;doping sludge and papermaking waste will not cause major changes in the composition of the physical phase of the slag and fly ash,but the increase in the content of NaCl,KCl,CaSO_(4)in the fly ash of high-temperature superheater and reaction tower may aggravate the slagging and corrosion phenomenon in the flue.

关 键 词：城市固体废物 污泥 造纸废渣 飞灰 结渣 元素迁移 矿物组成 

分 类 号：TK227[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]