煤富氧燃烧及污染物排放特性研究进展  

A review of the progress of research on oxy-fuel combustion characteristics and pollutant emission characteristics of coal

作　　者：殷柳玲 曹希 卜昌盛 YIN Liuling;CAO Xi;BU Changsheng(School of Energy&Mechanical Engineering,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210023,Jiangsu China)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学能源与机械工程学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《电力科技与环保》2025年第1期96-109,共14页Electric Power Technology and Environmental Protection

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52376116)。

摘　　要：富氧燃烧作为燃烧中CO_(2)捕集技术,因其技术经济性高、CO_(2)减排效果好而受到燃煤领域的广泛关注和重视,O_(2)/CO_(2)气氛下,煤的燃烧和污染物排放特性是研究的重点方向。本文概括了富氧燃烧技术下煤的燃烧和污染物排放特性(NO_(x)、硫氧化物、烟尘、重金属Hg等)。在富氧条件下,煤粉的燃烧性能得到改善,表现为着火和燃尽温度的降低,与空气燃烧相比,煤的燃尽时间和点火延迟时间却明显延长,增加反应压力可以提高CO_(2)的平均生成速率和燃烧效率,同时降低燃烧损失,目前,研究范围已经从基础实验室研究扩展到了小规模试验、中等规模试验以及工业示范项目,实现了烟气中CO_(2)浓度高达82.7%的高效富集,充分展示了富氧燃烧技术在碳捕集与封存领域的巨大潜力;富氧燃烧技术在降低煤燃烧过程中NO_(x)排放方面具有显著效果,同时也需要综合考虑温度、氧气浓度、燃烧压力等因素的影响,通过对这些参数进行综合调控,可以优化NO_(x)减排效果;控制硫氧化物排放的策略需要从多个角度综合考虑,包括燃烧过程、燃料特性、燃烧设备以及后续的烟气处理等方面;由于富氧燃烧条件下烟气成分的差异,煤灰的结渣特性要高于空气燃烧,煤在O_(2)/CO_(2)燃烧过程中的烟尘沉积量更小,且煤灰的沉积行为受到氧浓度的影响,当氧气浓度增加时,煤灰的沉积趋势加剧;NO、SO_(2)和蒸汽也会导致Hg2+的比例增加。与空气气氛相比,富氧气氛下更大浓度的蒸汽在促进汞的氧化方面发挥了重要作用。后续富氧燃烧技术需在燃煤锅炉富氧燃烧技术优化、流化床富氧燃烧技术的拓展利用等方面开展进一步的工作,以期为富氧燃烧技术发展提供有益的参考。O_(x)y fuel combustion,as a CO_(2)capture technology in combustion,has been widely concerned and emphasized in the field of coal combustion because of its high technological economy and good CO_(2)emission reduction,and the combustion and pollutant emission characteristics of coal under O_(2)/CO_(2)atmosphere are the key directions of research.This paper summarized the combustion and pollutant emission characteristics(NO_(x),SO_(x),soot,heavy metal Hg,etc.)of coal under oxygen-enriched combustion technology.Under oxygen-enriched conditions,the combustion performance of pulverized coal is improved,as evidenced by the reduction of ignition and burnout temperatures.The burnout time and ignition delay time of coal are significantly prolonged compared with air combustion.The increase of reaction pressure can improve the average CO_(2)generation rate and combustion efficiency,as well as reduce the combustion losses.Currently,the research scope has been expanded from basic laboratory studies to smallscale tests,medium-scale tests,and industrial demonstration projects.It realizes the efficient enrichment of CO_(2)concentration in flue gas up to 82.7%,fully demonstrating the great potential of oxygen-enriched combustion technology in the field of carbon capture and sequestration.O_(x)ygen-enriched combustion technology has a significant effect in reducing NO_(x)emissions during coal combustion.Also,it needs to take into account the effects of temperature,oxygen concentration,combustion pressure and other factors.Through the integrated regulation of these parameters,it is possible to Optimize the NO_(x)emission reduction effect.The strategy to control sulfur oxide emissions needs to be considered from multiple perspectives,including the combustion process,fuel characteristics,combustion equipment,and subsequent flue gas treatment.Due to the differences in the composition of flue gases under oxygen-rich combustion conditions,the slagging characteristics of coal ash are higher than those of air combustion,and the amount of s

关 键 词：富氧燃烧 燃烧特性 污染物排放特性 发展趋势 

分 类 号：TK09[动力工程及工程热物理]