PPTA多孔膜及其复合材料的制备与性能研究  

Preparation and properties of PPTA porous membranes and their composite materials

作　　者：王文宇 孙晓玲 王可濛 孔海娟[1] WANG Wenyu;SUN Xiaoling;WANG Kemeng;KONG Haijuan(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Shanghai University of Engineering Science,Shanghai 201620)

机构地区：[1]上海工程技术大学材料科学与工程学院,上海201620

出　　处：《合成纤维工业》2025年第1期1-6,共6页China Synthetic Fiber Industry

基　　金：国家自然基金项目(51603120);上海工程技术大学大学生创新创业训练项目(CX23)。

摘　　要：以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)为致孔剂,以聚四氟乙烯微孔滤膜为基底,通过相转化法制备聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺(PPTA)多孔膜,研究PVP含量对PPTA多孔膜的孔隙率、微观形貌、浸润性及力学性能的影响;以PPTA多孔膜作为增强相,采用真空导入法制备PPTA多孔膜/环氧树脂复合材料,研究环氧树脂与PPTA多孔膜的浸润性及复合材料的力学性能。结果表明:随着PVP含量的增加,PPTA多孔膜的孔隙率增加,PVP质量分数为6%时多孔膜的孔隙率达61.2%,继续提高PVP含量,多孔膜的孔隙率变化不大,PVP质量分数为5%时PPTA多孔膜表面孔隙较为均匀,孔结构也较为均匀;随着PVP含量的增加,PPTA多孔膜与水的接触角逐渐减小,表面自由能逐渐增加,PVP质量分数为6%时接触角最小,为21.2°,表面自由能最大,为70.5 mJ/m^(2);PVP质量分数为5%~6%时,PPTA多孔膜与环氧树脂的浸润性良好;随着PVP含量的增加,PPTA多孔膜的拉伸强度逐渐降低,PPTA多孔膜增强复合材料的拉伸强度先升后降,PVP质量分数为5%时PPTA多孔膜及其增强复合材料具有优良的综合性能,多孔膜的拉伸强度为1.7 MPa,PPTA多孔膜增强复合材料的拉伸强度为468.3 MPa。Using polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP)as a pore former and polytetrafluoroethylene microporous membrane as substrate,poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide)(PPTA)porous membrane was prepared by phase transformation.The effect of PVP content on the porosity,micro-morphology,wettability,and mechanical properties of PPTA porous membrane was studied.Using PPTA porous membrane as the reinforcing phase,PPTA porous membrane/epoxy resin composite material was prepared by vacuum infusion method.And the wettability of epoxy resin and PPTA porous membrane,as well as the mechanical properties of the composite material,were studied.The results showed that the porosity of PPTA porous membrane increased with the increase of PVP content,and the porosity of the porous membrane reached 61.2%when the PVP mass fraction was 6%,but the porosity of the porous membrane did not change much while continuing to increase the PVP content,and the surface pores and the pore structure of PPTA porous membrane were comparatively uniform when the PVP mass fraction was 5%;the contact angle between PPTA porous membrane and water gradually decreased and the surface free energy gradually increased with the increase of PVP content,and the contact angle was minimized as 21.2°and the surface free energy was maximized as 70.5 mJ/m 2 when the PVP mass fraction was 6%;the PPTA porous membrane had good wettability with epoxy resin when the PVP mass fraction was 5%-6%;and the tensile strength of PPTA porous membrane gradually decreased,and the tensile strength of PPTA porous membrane reinforced composite material first increased and then decreased with the increase of PVP content,PPTA porous membrane and its reinforced composite material had excellent comprehensive properties,with a tensile strength of 1.7 MPa for the porous membrane and 468.3 MPa for the PPTA porous membrane reinforced composite material,when the PVP mass fraction was 5%.

关 键 词：聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺 多孔膜 致孔剂 相转化法 复合材料 力学性能 浸润性能 

分 类 号：TQ342.722[化学工程—化纤工业]