超高相对分子质量聚乙烯熔融纺丝及其改性研究进展  

Research progress on melt spinning process of ultra-high relative molecular mass polyethylene and its modification

作　　者：成晓燕 马海燕 徐锦锦[1] CHENG Xiaoyan;MA Haiyan;XU Jinjin(Nantong Newtec Monofilament Technology Co.,Ltd.,Nantong 226003;College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Nantong University,Nantong 226009)

机构地区：[1]南通新帝克单丝科技股份有限公司,江苏南通226003 [2]南通大学化学化工学院,江苏南通226009

出　　处：《合成纤维工业》2025年第1期79-83,共5页China Synthetic Fiber Industry

摘　　要：介绍了超高相对分子质量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)加工特性和UHMWPE纤维的制备方法,并综述了UHMWPE的改性方法。UHMWPE纤维的制备方法包括冻胶纺丝法和熔融纺丝法。采用冻胶纺丝法制备高强度UHMWPE纤维,存在溶剂污染、工艺流程长、成本高等问题。采用熔融纺丝法制备中高强度UHMWPE纤维,由于UHMWPE分子链高度缠结,热运动困难,熔体黏度大,流动性差,在熔融纺丝过程中容易发生熔体破裂。UHMWPE的改性方法包括润滑剂改性、共混改性、填料改性等,这些改性方法可提高UHMWPE的流动性,减少熔体破裂现象,使UHMWPE可进行熔融纺丝,但会导致UHMWPE纤维的力学性能下降。指出未来UHMWPE熔融纺丝的研究方向为寻找合适的润滑剂、共混剂及纳米粒子填料,通过多种改性方式联用,在提高UHMWPE流动性能的同时减少助剂对纤维力学性能的影响。The processing characteristics of ultra-high relative molecular mass polyethylene(UHMWPE)and the production processes of UHMWPE fiber were introduced.And the modification techniques for UHMWPE were reviewed.The production processes of UHMWPE fiber include gel spinning and melt spinning.The gel spinning process for high-strength UHMWPE fibers has the problems of solvent pollution,long process and high cost.The melt spinning process for medium-and high-strength UHMWPE fibers has the problem of melt fracture due to highly entangled molecular chains,difficult thermal motion,high melt viscosity,poor flowability of UHMWPE.The modification methods of UHMWPE include lubricant modification,blending modification,filler modification,etc..These modification methods can improve the flowability of UHMWPE,depress the melt fracture and enable UHMWPE to undergo melt spinning,but can lead to the decline of the mechanical properties of UHMWPE fibers.It was pointed out that the future research direction of UHMWPE melt spinning process should focus on the development of rational lubricants,blending agents and nano particle fillers and the combined application of multiple modification methods so as to improve the flowability of UHMWPE while reducing the impact of additives on the mechanical properties of UHMWPE fibers.

关 键 词：超高分子量聚乙烯 熔融纺丝 流动性 改性 力学性能 

分 类 号：TQ342.61[化学工程—化纤工业]