老年人腰臀比和身体质量指数与握力的相关性分析  

Correlation Analysis of WHR,BMI and Grip Strength in Eelderly People

作　　者：高巧英 苏静 苏丽 赵孟可 袁林 GAO Qiaoying;SU Jing;SU Li;ZHAO Mengke;YUAN Lin(Henan Sports Science and Technology Center(Henan Anti-Doping Center),Zhengzhou,Henan Province,450044 China)

机构地区：[1]河南省体育科技中心(河南省反兴奋剂中心),河南郑州450044

出　　处：《当代体育科技》2025年第1期14-18,共5页Contemporary Sports Technology

摘　　要：目的:探讨2010—2020年间河南省60~69岁老年人腰臀比(WHR)、身体质量指数(BMI)和握力的变化趋势,并分析腰臀比和体质指数与握力、相对握力之间的相关性。方法:参照国民体质监测周期,选取河南省2010年、2015年、2020年的60~69岁老年人的体质指标数据,共计2466个样本。按照性别、腰臀比和体质指数分组,进行纵向趋势分析。同时,对2020年的样本数据进行横向相关性讨论。结果:近10年间,河南省60~69岁老年人的BMI(P<0.01)和WHR(P<0.05)均呈增长趋势。男性握力(P<0.05)和相对握力(P<0.01)呈现下降趋势,而老年女性的握力(P<0.01)和相对握力(P<0.01)则先增大后减小,但至2020年,其绝对值仍低于2010年水平。在WHR分型上,河南省老年人存在显著的性别差异,男性中WHR正常者占比(32.85%)远高于女性(2.78%),且男性肥胖部位多集中在臀部(53.38%),女性则主要集中在腰部(84.26%)。在BMI分型上,女性肥胖人数比例(29.63%)高于男性(25.85%)。结论:2010—2020年间,河南省老年人的WHR和BMI均呈现增长趋势,而握力和相对握力则呈现下降趋势。同时,河南省老年人的BMI和WHR平均值与国人标准之间的差距逐渐增大。BMI与握力呈正相关,而BMI和WHR均与相对握力呈负相关。Objective:To explore the changing trend in waist-to-hip ratio(WHR),Body Mass Index(BMI)and grip strength among elderly people aged 60-69 in Henan Province from 2010 to 2020,and to analyze the correlation between BMI,WHR and grip strength,relative grip strength.Methods:Referring to the national physical fitness monitoring cycle,2466 samples of physical fitness indicators of elderly people aged 60-69 in Henan Province in year of 2010,2015,and 2020 were selected.Perform longitudinal trend analysis by grouping based on gender,WHR,and BMI.At the same time,a horizontal correlation discussion will be conducted on the sample data in 2020.Results:In the past 10 years,the BMI(P<0.01)and WHR(P<0.05)of elderly people aged 60-69 in Henan Province showed a trend of increasing.Male grip strength(P<0.05)and relative grip strength(P<0.05)showed a trend of decreasing,while grip strength(P<0.01)and relative grip strength(P<0.01)of the elderly women showed a trend of increasing initially and then decreasing.However,by 2020,their absolute values were still lower than the level in 2010.There are significant gender difference among the elderly people in Henan Province according to WHR classification.The proportion of men with normal WHR(32.85%)is much higher than that of women(2.78%),and obesity is mainly concentrated in the buttocks(53.38%)in men,while it is mainly concentrated in the waist(84.26%)in women.In terms of BMI classification,the proportion of obese women(29.63%)is higher than that of men(25.85%).Conclusions:From 2010 to 2020,the BMI and WHR of elderly people in Henan Province showed a trend of increasing,while grip strength and relative grip strength showed a trend of decreasing.At the same time,the gap between the average of BMI and HWR of the elderly in Henan Province and the countrymen standard is gradually increasing.BMI is positively correlated with grip strength,while both BMI and WHR are negatively correlated with relative grip strength.

关 键 词：腰臀比 体质指数 老年人 握力 相对握力 

分 类 号：G804.49[文化科学—运动人体科学]