助推RCEP争端解决机制完善的中国政策取向  

China’s Policy Orientation to Facilitate the Improvement of the RCEP Dispute Resolution Mechanism

作　　者：颜相子 王帅 刘文[3] Yan Xiangzi;Wang Shuai;Liu Wen(Shandong Academy of Social Sciences,Jinan,Shandong 250002;School of Economics,Shandong University,Jinan,Shandong 250100;School of Commerce,Shandong University,Weihai,Shandong 264200)

机构地区：[1]山东社会科学院,山东济南250002 [2]山东大学经济学院,山东济南250100 [3]山东大学商学院,山东威海264200

出　　处：《开放导报》2025年第1期69-81,共13页China Opening Journal

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目:RCEP对亚太区域价值链重构的影响机制及应对策略研究(22&ZD177)。

摘　　要：利用DESTA数据库对2002—2020年间RCEP成员国FTA争端解决机制的规则深度进行测算,并测度其深度变化趋势,发现诸经济体在规则制定和实施上凸显的不同特点,缘于RCEP成员国在制度建设过程中需要平衡多重因素。RCEP的争端解决机制具有开放性、灵活性、渐进性、包容性等优点,但与TPP、CPTPP、欧日EPA、USMCA等高标准FTA的争端解决机制相比,尚存在规则深度有限、覆盖范围偏窄、普适性有待提高、未建立独立的投资争端解决机制等不足。中国应发挥作为负责任大国在区域经贸规则构建中的建设性作用,为RCEP争端解决的升级完善贡献中国力量。一是在国际层面推动完善制度治理体系,拓展RCEP争端解决机制规则深度;推进机制创新发展,扩大RCEP争端解决机制覆盖范围;发挥统一规则效用,打破“意大利面碗效应”;加强能力建设,为发展中成员国提供技术支持和援助。二是在国内层面将RCEP争端解决规则中只作原则性规定的事项在国内法中予以细化;基于争端方的不同背景选择恰当的处理争端方式;鼓励我国自贸试验区创新争端解决制度,并推广其经验和模式;国内企业应未雨绸缪,努力维护自身利益,高质量实施RCEP,并为促进RCEP争端解决规则升级谈判做好准备。Using the DESTA database,we measured the rule depth of the FTA dispute resolution mechanisms among RCEP member countries from 2002 to 2020 and assessed its trend of depth changes.We found that the distinct characteristics highlighted by these economies in rulemaking and implementation stem from the need to balance multiple factors in the process of institutional development among RCEP member countries.The RCEP dispute resolution mechanism boasts advantages such as openness,flexibility,gradualism,and inclusiveness.However,compared to the dispute resolution mechanisms of high-standard FTAs such as the TPP,CPTPP,EU-Japan EPA,and USMCA,it still faces shortcomings such as limited rule depth,narrow coverage,room for improvement in universal applicability,and the lack of an independent investment dispute resolution mechanism.China should leverage its role as a responsible major country to play a constructive part in shaping regional economic and trade rules and contribute to upgrading and improving the RCEP dispute resolution mechanism.Firstly,at the international level,China should promote the improvement of the institutional governance system to deepen the rules of the RCEP dispute resolution mechanism;advance innovative development of the mechanism to broaden its coverage;leverage the effectiveness of unified rules to break the“spaghetti bowl effect”;strengthen capacity building to provide technical support and assistance to developing member countries.Secondly,at the domestic level,China should elaborate on matters that are only principled in the RCEP dispute resolution rules within domestic law;choose appropriate dispute resolution methods based on the different backgrounds of the disputing parties;encourage China’s free trade pilot zones to innovate dispute resolution systems and disseminate their experiences and models;domestic enterprises should be proactive in safeguarding their own interests,implement the RCEP with high quality,and prepare for negotiations to upgrade the RCEP dispute resolution rules.

关 键 词：争端解决规则 RCEP 比较 升级完善 

分 类 号：F740.41[经济管理—国际贸易]