川藏公路网建设促进产业转型与民族互动——基于康定贡嘎山镇的考察  

Facilitating Industrial Transformation and Ethnic Interaction through the Development of the Sichuan-Xizang Highway Network:An Investigation of Gongga Mountain Town in Kangding

作　　者：励轩[1] 余扬 王鑫源 Li Xuan;Yu Yang;Wang Xinyuan(Center for Tibetan Studies,Sichuan University,Chengdu,610065,Sichuan,China;School of International Studies,Sichuan University,Chengdu,610065,Sichuan,China;School of Ethnology and Sociology,Southwest Minzu University,Chengdu,610041,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学中国藏学研究所,四川成都610065 [2]四川大学国际关系学院,四川成都610065 [3]西南民族大学民族学与社会学学院,四川成都610041

出　　处：《民族学刊》2024年第8期50-60,156,共12页Journal of Ethnology

基　　金：国家社科基金重大研究专项项目“藏族融入中华民族共同体的历史进程研究”(22VMZ008)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：1954年川藏公路建成通车后,青藏高原东部的广大乡村,通过省道、县乡道等支线公路建设,陆续与川藏公路主干线连接。川藏公路逐渐发展为由两条主干线和众多支线交织而成的现代公路网络。川藏公路网建设对青藏高原东部基层社会发展产生了重大、深刻且持久的影响。本文以四川省甘孜藏族自治州康定市贡嘎山镇为例,结合文献梳理和田野调查,呈现了川藏公路网建设的缩影及其对当地产业结构转型和民族交往互动的促进作用。川藏公路网建设和旅游业的发展加强了贡嘎山镇的民族交往互动,川藏公路网拓宽了各民族交往互动的空间;当地村民集中向游客提供高原旅行的结构性支持;农村土地集体所有制基础上形成的民族互惠合作经营模式;长期共同生活促进通婚等强社会关系的产生。对于外地商人而言,他们长期在当地经营生意,与本地人共同生活,在这一过程中逐渐与当地人形成了通婚等强社会关系。Since the inauguration of the Sichuan-Xizang Highway in 1954,the vast rural areas of the eastern Qinghai-Xizang Plateau have progressively integrated with the highway through the construction of provincial,county,township,and various branch roads.Consequently,the SichuanXizang Highway has evolved into a modern road network of two primary routes and numerous ancillary branches.Results indicate this highway network has profoundly and abidingly influenced the development of grassroots communities in the eastern Qinghai-Xizang Plateau.This study takes Gonggashan Town in Kangding City,Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture,Sichuan Province as a case study.Through a combination of literature review and field investigations,the research exemplifies the Sichuan-Xizang Highway network's construction and its role in promoting local industrial transformation and ethnic interactions.Gonggashan Town is located southeast of Kangding City,the“gateway to Xizang,”arguably boasts significant tourism potential,primarily due to Gongga Mountain,also known as the“King of Shu Mountains.”By 2019,all villages in Gonggashan Town had been integrated into the SichuanXizang Highway network,effectively placing the local tourism industry on a“fast track.”In 2020,the Kangding Municipal Government invested in the reconstruction of Jia-Gong Road.By 2023,JiaGong Road was incorporated into the S569 Provincial Road,even though Jia-Gong Road is currently still under reconstruction.In this context,findings reveal that tourism—including homestays,catering,revenue from ticket sales,and transportation to scenic areas—has experienced gradual expansion.Investigations additionally indicate that the construction of the Sichuan-Xizang Highway network and the simultaneous growth of tourism have strengthened ethnic interaction in Gonggashan Town in four main ways:First,the Sichuan-Xizang Highway network appear to have expanded the space for ethnic exchanges,altering the village settlement pattern from dispersed locations in the mountains to linear

关 键 词：川藏公路网 贡嘎山镇 产业结构转型 民族交往互动 

分 类 号：C957[社会学—民族学]